{ "personId": "sl-2031", "uid": "SL-2031", "name": "大卫·雷尔曼", "version": "V2研究贡献账", "updatedAt": "2026-09-15", "formula": { "q": "Q = 10^(M/2) − 1", "light": "Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ", "total": "L = Σ Lᵢ", "score": "S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L)" }, "scopeNote": "本轮当前已列3项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。", "exclusions": [ { "id": "RELMAN-HOST-GENE-EXPRESSION-RESPONSE", "title": "宿主基因表达反应与感染早期研究", "reason": "机构简介证明研究方向，但现包缺主要论文、共同作者和与病原识别/微生物组点的互斥终态，暂不凭方向描述设M。" }, { "id": "RELMAN-BIOSECURITY-ADVISORY-SERVICE", "title": "生物安全委员会与科学咨询服务", "reason": "可证创始成员及委员会职位，但未给具体署名报告、表决、规则文本或被采纳交付；职位本身不设正向M。潜在治理收益与限制均保持未知。" } ], "items": [ { "id": "OUT-SL2031-1990-1998-CULTURE-INDEPENDENT-PATHOGEN-IDENTIFICATION", "title": "难培养病原体的培养非依赖分子识别与发现范式", "year": "1990", "summary": "将分子系统发育信息用于识别难以培养或此前未知的微生物候选，并把发现流程扩展到常规培养难以覆盖的对象，同时公开序列证据的解释限制。", "mReason": "原始论文回顾与CDC开放全文支持这一范式形成并被用于具体未知微生物识别。按可检验知识边界、对难培养对象的扩展和方法复用取M6.1，而不是按病原数量或临床后果累加。", "aReason": "Relman 0.22；Falkow 0.12；早期共同作者0.18；分子方法前史0.19；临床病理测序团队0.12；机构0.05；未解析0.12。", "sources": [ { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7685802/" }, { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2626823/" }, { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5906093/" }, { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2640285/" } ], "missing": "各具体发现的作者顺序、实验设计与独立验证未逐篇闭合。；方法从候选识别到疾病因果的成功与失败案例尚未做系统样本。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "1990–1998以难培养、此前未识别微生物的培养非依赖分子识别为代表的知识与方法终态；只计识别范式与知识增量；不把序列出现等同致病因果。", "M": "6.1", "budget": [ { "actor": "大卫·雷尔曼", "actorId": "SL-2031", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.22" }, { "actor": "Stanley Falkow", "actorId": "EXT-NAME:STANLEY-FALKOW", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.12" }, { "actor": "Relman早期病原发现共同作者", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::RELMAN-EARLY-PATHOGEN-DISCOVERY-COAUTHORS", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.18" }, { "actor": "分子系统发育与核酸方法前驱", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::MOLECULAR-PHYLOGENY-16S-RRNA-AND-NUCLEIC-ACID-METHOD-PREDECESSORS", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.19" }, { "actor": "临床病理测序与数据团队", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::CLINICAL-PATHOLOGY-SEQUENCING-AND-DATA-TEAMS", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.12" }, { "actor": "斯坦福与合作研究机构", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::STANFORD-AND-COLLABORATING-RESEARCH-INSTITUTIONS", "type": "INSTITUTION", "share": "0.05" }, { "actor": "未解析的Relman病原识别贡献", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::UNRESOLVED-RELMAN-PATHOGEN-IDENTIFICATION-ATTRIBUTION", "type": "UNALLOCATED", "share": "0.12" } ], "share": "0.22", "exactLight": "246.6240599464319558300285682251392620789078716193216517379163785974227265909693583073109303525019056", "light": "246.624060", "standaloneScore": "4.79", "lightSharePercent": "46.5257" }, { "id": "OUT-SL2031-2000-2020-HUMAN-MICROBIOME-SPATIAL-TEMPORAL-ECOLOGY", "title": "人类微生物群的空间、时间与扰动恢复生态研究", "year": "2000", "summary": "以纵向和多部位群落资料刻画个体差异、时间变化及扰动后的不完全恢复，将人体微生物群更明确地作为动态生态系统研究。", "mReason": "Stanford研究概述与代表性论文支持对口腔群落、时间变化和扰动恢复的实际研究交付。按形成动态人体微生物生态知识和长期方法范例取M5.8，不因“先驱”称号或健康应用想象加分。", "aReason": "Relman 0.20；Bik/Dethlefsen代表性共同作者0.16；实验室及共同作者0.22；生态与微生物群前史0.19；机构0.06；未解析0.17。", "sources": [ { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20336157/" }, { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22861804/" }, { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：profiles.stanford.edu", "url": "https://profiles.stanford.edu/david-relman?tab=bio" } ], "missing": "不同代表性论文的具体共同作者和队列贡献仍需逐篇分解。；群落描述、扰动机制和健康关联之间的因果强度未系统校准。；隐私、样本治理和参与者实际研究贡献缺逐项目档案。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "2000–2020人类原生微生物群在身体部位、个体和时间上的群落结构，以及扰动后的稳定性和恢复研究；只计生态知识终态，不把相关性等同疾病病因、诊断或治疗。", "M": "5.8", "budget": [ { "actor": "大卫·雷尔曼", "actorId": "SL-2031", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.2" }, { "actor": "Elisabeth Bik与Leslie Dethlefsen", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::ELISABETH-BIK-AND-LESLIE-DETHLEFSEN", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.16" }, { "actor": "Relman微生物组实验室与共同作者", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::RELMAN-MICROBIOME-LAB-AND-COAUTHOR-TEAMS", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.22" }, { "actor": "微生物生态与人体微生物群前驱", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::MICROBIAL-ECOLOGY-AND-HUMAN-MICROBIOTA-PREDECESSORS", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.19" }, { "actor": "斯坦福与合作微生物组机构", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::STANFORD-AND-COLLABORATING-MICROBIOME-INSTITUTIONS", "type": "INSTITUTION", "share": "0.06" }, { "actor": "未解析的Relman微生物组贡献", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::UNRESOLVED-RELMAN-MICROBIOME-ATTRIBUTION", "type": "UNALLOCATED", "share": "0.17" } ], "share": "0.2", "exactLight": "158.6656469448563004131836565672775865177921263510968664184647858633911394382975074994190503694380556", "light": "158.665647", "standaloneScore": "4.41", "lightSharePercent": "29.9323" }, { "id": "OUT-SL2031-1996-1998-SEQUENCE-BASED-PATHOGEN-CAUSATION-CRITERIA", "title": "序列证据到病原因果归属的分子判据框架", "year": "1996", "summary": "把组织分布、宿主反应、一致性、可重复性和替代解释等高层条件组织为序列证据的因果审查框架，明确单次序列检出不足以确立病因。", "mReason": "开放综述明确区分序列检出与病因归属，Fredericks–Relman框架形成与发现技术不同的认识论终态。按方法的通用审查价值取M5.3，范围窄于实际发现体系且不重复其一般检测价值。", "aReason": "Relman 0.28；Fredericks 0.28；经典因果前史0.20；研究社群经验输入0.10；机构0.04；未解析0.10。", "sources": [ { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2329853/" }, { "label": "作品、论文与机构资料：pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2640285/" } ], "missing": "判据各条的早期思想来源及后续实证表现未逐项追溯。；尚未系统比较其在不同研究领域的误归因减少效果。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "1996–1998序列型微生物证据的病因归属判据与认识论限制；只计从“检测到”到“有条件支持因果”的规则框架，不重复上一点的发现方法。", "M": "5.3", "budget": [ { "actor": "大卫·雷尔曼", "actorId": "SL-2031", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.28" }, { "actor": "David N. Fredricks", "actorId": "EXT-NAME:DAVID-N-FREDRICKS", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.28" }, { "actor": "Koch、Rivers与微生物因果前驱", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::KOCH-RIVERS-AND-MICROBIAL-CAUSATION-PREDECESSORS", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.2" }, { "actor": "分子病原发现与验证研究群体", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::MOLECULAR-PATHOGEN-DISCOVERY-AND-VALIDATION-RESEARCH-COMMUNITY", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.1" }, { "actor": "斯坦福研究与出版机构", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::STANFORD-RESEARCH-AND-PUBLICATION-INSTITUTIONS", "type": "INSTITUTION", "share": "0.04" }, { "actor": "未解析的分子因果判据贡献", "actorId": "DAVID-RELMAN::UNRESOLVED-MOLECULAR-CAUSATION-CRITERIA-ATTRIBUTION", "type": "UNALLOCATED", "share": "0.1" } ], "share": "0.28", "exactLight": "124.7914058022696731957501468094254525856440500102440790964682586517331583955570447686023852616145014", "light": "124.791406", "standaloneScore": "4.20", "lightSharePercent": "23.5419" } ], "exactTotalLight": "530.0811126935579294389623716018423011823440479806625972528494231125470244248239105753323659835544626", "totalLight": "530.081113", "exactScore": "5.450321712991453917938170150202033231738544838484291358677162169504268842605345646438706081848665876", "displayScore": "5.45", "provisionalCount": 3, "provenance": { "releaseId": "research-200-20260914", "baselineLedgerSha256": "8bdd406b3e20ae22357644499e622922c670ff11010df0478c70c23b38902108", "c24DeltaSha256": "b0b96144d1d3397e54a61c3d706ff2da5920fe7617e3bef50407149cb97d9d62", "generatorSha256": "25de659e9852503508e7c27d8a31773b8da5d6310531b1e3699d18cc94319929" }, "priorScopeNote": "3项已列贡献的研究估分，含3项暂估。账本覆盖有限的主要成果，尚未穷尽生涯。M与归功份额是可修订的评估判断；未覆盖经历和负面影响不按零处理。", "rank": 121 }