{ "personId": "sl-2858", "uid": "SL-2858", "name": "希拉里·普特南", "version": "V2研究贡献账", "updatedAt": "2026-09-15", "formula": { "q": "Q = 10^(M/2) − 1", "light": "Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ", "total": "L = Σ Lᵢ", "score": "S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L)" }, "scopeNote": "本轮当前已列6项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。", "exclusions": [ { "id": "putnam-gap-1", "title": "伦理、事实/价值与犹太哲学写作", "reason": "当前输入确认研究范围但尚未提供可划出独立主要终态的原文和协作边界。" }, { "id": "putnam-gap-2", "title": "教学、公共写作及与Ruth Anna Putnam的共同工作", "reason": "有职业和合作线索，但缺具体共同文本、课程交付和分工，不能凭职位或婚姻关系分配。" }, { "id": "putnam-gap-3", "title": "Hilbert第十问题的完整解决、DPLL与现代SAT、集合论全体细结构", "reason": "量词理论算法、DPR数论结果和Boolos–Putnam可构造性论文均为有界合著成果；Matiyasevich、Logemann、Loveland及其他作者的后继步骤和理论不可回拨。" }, { "id": "putnam-gap-4", "title": "Twin Earth之后全部外在论、语言学、认知科学与实在论接受史", "reason": "Burge等人有独立路线，且后续理论、研究和批评不由早期思想实验或哲学论证自动归属。" } ], "items": [ { "id": "OUT-SL2858-1973-1975-SEMANTIC-EXTERNALISM-NATURAL-KINDS", "title": "Twin Earth、自然种类与语义外在论", "year": "1975", "summary": "Twin 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"year": "1970年代–2000年代", "summary": "模型论论证与实在论的连续修订，涉及科学实在论、内在实在论、实用实在论及后来的常识/朴素实在论。它是一组自我修订的哲学论证，而非每一次立场改变各自独立的知识成果，也不代表其中任一观点已被证明为真。", "mReason": "SEP给出模型论论证的具体结构及其反实在论目标，Harvard资料确认多次实在论转向，取M5.5。单一M覆盖论证和自我修订，不按每个立场复制。", "aReason": "Putnam 0.43；逻辑与哲学前史0.28；批评编辑0.10；机构0.04；未解析0.15。", "sources": [ { "label": "斯坦福大学：Davis–Putnam 原论文扫描", "url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/realism-sem-challenge/" }, { "label": "Harvard Gazette", "url": "https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2023/11/hilary-whitehall-putnam-89/" } ], "missing": "需实读《Models and Reality》、内部实在论及晚期修订文本，区分被放弃命题与持续问题。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "从科学实在论、模型论反形而上学实在论论证，到内部、实用和常识实在论的连续问题族；每次立场变化、单篇论文和一般科学哲学不另立M。", "M": "5.5", "budget": [ { "actor": "希拉里·普特南", "actorId": "SL-2858", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.43" }, { "actor": "模型论、科学实在论、实用主义与认识论前驱", "actorId": "HILARY-PUTNAM::MODEL-THEORY-SCIENTIFIC-REALISM-PRAGMATISM-AND-EPISTEMOLOGY-PREHISTORY", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.28" }, { "actor": 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