{ "personId": "stephenson", "uid": "SL-0040", "name": "乔治·史蒂芬森", "version": "V2研究贡献账", "updatedAt": "2026-09-15", "formula": { "q": "Q = 10^(M/2) − 1", "light": "Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ", "total": "L = Σ Lᵢ", "score": "S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L)" }, "scopeNote": "本轮当前已列4项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。", "exclusions": [ { "id": "STEPHENSON-ROCKET-ROBERT-DESIGN", "title": "Rocket 的设计归属", "reason": "Rocket 是 Robert Stephenson 在1828—1830年设计的原型；George 当时忙于 Liverpool & Manchester 铁路建设，仅获知进展。Rainhill 的成功和后续 Planet 类机车不计作 George 的个人设计成果。", "sources": [ { "label": "科学与工业博物馆：Rocket 的工程成就", "url": "https://blog.scienceandindustrymuseum.org.uk/rocket-engineering-excellence/" } ] }, { "id": "STEPHENSON-RAILWAY-OPERATIONS-NETWORK", "title": "后续铁路运输网络的完整成果", "reason": "线路建设、制造、运营和扩展由公司、土木工程人员、工厂团队与运营者共同完成；现有证据不足以把后续运输网络整体归于乔治个人。", "sources": [ { "label": "国家铁路博物馆：Stockton & Darlington 早期运营记录", "url": "https://blog.railwaymuseum.org.uk/begs-leave-to-inform-transcribing-john-grahams-stockton-darlington-railway-report-books/" } ] } ], "items": [ { "id": "OUT-SL0040-1821-1825-STOCKTON-DARLINGTON-PUBLIC-RAILWAY", "title": "Stockton & Darlington公共蒸汽铁路系统交付", "year": "1821", "summary": "担任 Stockton & Darlington Railway 工程师，参与将公共蒸汽铁路投入运行。1825年开通时的 Locomotion No.1 由 George 与 Robert 共同建造，制造还依赖 Pease、Richardson、Longridge 等公司合伙人、约40名工匠、Hackworth 与 Kennedy 的工厂监督以及线路运营人员。", "mReason": "相对矿区内部牵引基线，该项目跨越机车制造、线路和公共运营，形成可见的铁路系统实施，故取M5.6。早期运营并不成熟，且资本、制造与运营高度协作，低于把后世铁路网络回灌后的宏大估值。", "aReason": "George仅0.22；Robert 0.12；Pease及公司资本治理0.14；具名合作者0.12；工厂约40人工匠0.15；线路施工运营0.12；技术前史0.08；未知0.05。完整预算对应现有技术报告显示的真实多人交付。", "sources": [ { "label": "科学与工业博物馆：Stephenson 家族（二）", "url": "https://blog.scienceandindustrymuseum.org.uk/the-stephensons-part-ii/" }, { "label": "国家铁路博物馆：Locomotion 技术报告", "url": "https://www.railwaymuseum.org.uk/sites/default/files/2024-06/Pages%20from%20LOCOMOTION%20report%20part%201.pdf" }, { "label": "国家铁路博物馆：Stockton & Darlington 早期运营记录", "url": "https://blog.railwaymuseum.org.uk/begs-leave-to-inform-transcribing-john-grahams-stockton-darlington-railway-report-books/" } ], "missing": "缺董事会纪要、施工合同、客货流量及具体事故账。；早期运营改良不能据现有证据逐项归George。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "1821至1825年George任工程师、George与Robert共同交付Locomotion No.1，并由公司资本、约40名工匠、线路建设和运营共同形成的公共蒸汽铁路。Locomotion是线路系统组件，不另计完整机车M；早期单线、无信号、马车混行与运营混乱进入交付边界。", "M": "5.6", "budget": [ { "actor": "乔治·史蒂芬森", "actorId": "SL-0040", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.22" }, { "actor": "Robert Stephenson（Locomotion 共同建造者与机车设计师）", "actorId": "EXT-NAME:ROBERT-STEPHENSON", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.12" }, { "actor": "Edward Pease 与公司资本治理方", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::EDWARD-PEASE-AND-COMPANY-CAPITAL-GOVERNANCE", "type": "INSTITUTION_AND_PERSON_POOL", "share": "0.14" }, { "actor": "Richardson、Longridge、Hackworth、Kennedy（制造与工厂协作）", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::RICHARDSON-LONGRIDGE-HACKWORTH-KENNEDY", "type": "COLLABORATOR_POOL", "share": "0.12" }, { "actor": "Robert Stephenson & Co. 机车作坊", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::ROBERT-STEPHENSON-AND-CO-WORKSHOP", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.15" }, { "actor": "铁路施工与运营团队", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::RAILWAY-CONSTRUCTION-AND-OPERATIONS-TEAM", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.12" }, { "actor": "蒸汽机车、轨道与煤矿前史", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::STEAM-LOCOMOTIVE-RAIL-AND-COLLIERY-PREHISTORY", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.08" }, { "actor": "未分配的背景贡献", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::UNKNOWN-CONTRIBUTORS", "type": "UNALLOCATED", "share": "0.05" } ], "share": "0.22", "exactLight": "138.5906157856425148755592300569156502280479565814103193961004963433688875254910976660410949036034983", "light": "138.590616", "standaloneScore": "4.29", "lightSharePercent": "45.3017" }, { "id": "OUT-SL0040-1826-1830-LIVERPOOL-MANCHESTER-CHIEF-ENGINEERING", "title": "Liverpool & Manchester城际铁路总工程服务", "year": "1826", "summary": "1826年出任 Liverpool & Manchester Railway 总工程师，负责城际铁路线路建设服务；铁路公司、土木工程与施工团队、Stephenson & Co. 机车团队和运营人员分别承担资本组织、建设、制造与运行工作。", "mReason": "L&MR是较矿区和早期混合运营更成熟的城际铁路工程交付，线路建设本身达到大型基础设施服务等级，取M5.2。现有来源主要确认职位和同期分工，缺逐项土木责任，故以较低个人份额和宽反事实表达，而不按职位独占项目价值。", "aReason": "George获0.25；铁路公司0.16；土木设计施工团队0.25；Robert及工厂机车团队0.14；前史0.10；运营与未知0.10。Rocket的核心设计贡献不转给George。", "sources": [ { "label": "科学与工业博物馆：Stephenson 家族（二）", "url": "https://blog.scienceandindustrymuseum.org.uk/the-stephensons-part-ii/" }, { "label": "国家铁路博物馆：Rainhill 与 Rocket", "url": "https://blog.railwaymuseum.org.uk/braille-200/" } ], "missing": "缺George逐项负责的路线、土木结构、合同和验收记录。；全线运营后果及具体严重事故尚未纳入净边界。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "1826至1830年George作为L&MR chief engineer所承担的城际线路总工程服务。Rocket/Rainhill只作为项目环境与机车供应环节；Rocket原型设计明确归Robert及其工厂团队，不能写成George个人发明，也不与线路工程另复制完整M。", "M": "5.2", "budget": [ { "actor": "乔治·史蒂芬森", "actorId": "SL-0040", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.25" }, { "actor": "Liverpool & Manchester Railway 公司", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::LIVERPOOL-MANCHESTER-RAILWAY-COMPANY", "type": "INSTITUTION", "share": "0.16" }, { "actor": "Liverpool & Manchester 土木工程与施工团队", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::LIVERPOOL-MANCHESTER-CIVIL-ENGINEERING-AND-CONSTRUCTION", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.25" }, { "actor": "Robert Stephenson & Co. 机车制造团队", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::ROBERT-STEPHENSON-AND-CO-LOCOMOTIVE-TEAM", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.14" }, { "actor": "早期铁路与蒸汽技术前史", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::EARLIER-RAILWAY-AND-STEAM-PREHISTORY", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.1" }, { "actor": "运营人员与未分配背景贡献", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::OPERATIONS-AND-UNKNOWN-CONTRIBUTORS", "type": "TEAM_AND_UNKNOWN_POOL", "share": "0.1" } ], "share": "0.25", "exactLight": "99.27679263837431269256307627193801087191925932434511171632103701505621346736450976850457790184434008", "light": "99.276793", "standaloneScore": "4.00", "lightSharePercent": "32.4511" }, { "id": "OUT-SL0040-1811-1821-KILLINGWORTH-LOCOMOTIVE-ENGINEERING", "title": "Killingworth矿区发动机改进与蒸汽机车交付", "year": "1811", "summary": "进入 Killingworth 后改进抽水机并负责矿井发动机的维护和修理，随后为煤运制造可移动蒸汽牵引机车；1816年的 Billy 用于拖曳煤车至 Tyne。矿区机械人员和早期机车工程师共同构成这一技术环境。", "mReason": "矿区机车从固定动力转向可移动蒸汽牵引，形成实际矿区交付，采用M3.9；范围限定煤矿内部。Wylam等独立路线作为比较基线，不用于无证据扣减或分配个人归功。", "aReason": "George获0.42；Killingworth工匠与矿方团队0.20；Hedley、Forster、Hackworth等并行路线0.20；更广蒸汽机与铁路前史0.13；未知0.05。 原列并行或后继研究者的混合份额保留为未解析输入，未证明直接传递前不归于这些具名人物。", "sources": [ { "label": "科学与工业博物馆：Stephenson 家族（一）", "url": "https://blog.scienceandindustrymuseum.org.uk/the-stephensons-part-i/" }, { "label": "科学与工业博物馆：Stephenson 家族（二）", "url": "https://blog.scienceandindustrymuseum.org.uk/the-stephensons-part-ii/" } ], "missing": "缺工程图、工资、产量和可靠性记录。；不同机车的George个人设计边界未逐项核清。；并行及后继工作的具体输入关系尚未解析；预算不把独立发展自动视为同一成果。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "1811至1821年Killingworth矿区发动机维护改进及包括1816 Billy在内的煤运蒸汽机车制造交付。维护、抽水机改进和多台矿区机车合为一个工程能力终态，不逐件累加；安全灯争议不立项。", "M": "3.9", "budget": [ { "actor": "乔治·史蒂芬森", "actorId": "SL-0040", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.42" }, { "actor": "Killingworth 矿区机械与煤矿团队", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::KILLINGWORTH-MECHANICS-AND-COLLIERY-TEAM", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.2" }, { "actor": "尚待分解的技术输入（不自动归给并行或后继人物）", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::STEPHENSON-KILLINGWORTH-COLLIERY-LOCOMOTIVES-UNRESOLVED-TECHNICAL-INPUTS", "type": "UNALLOCATED", "share": "0.2" }, { "actor": "蒸汽机与铁路技术前史", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::STEAM-ENGINE-AND-RAILWAY-PREHISTORY", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.13" }, { "actor": "未分配的背景贡献", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::UNKNOWN-CONTRIBUTORS", "type": "UNALLOCATED", "share": "0.05" } ], "share": "0.42", "exactLight": "37.01253940161731225803056460528847248740674088306203153781362679283369424485985666957714233193920278", "light": "37.012539", "standaloneScore": "3.16", "lightSharePercent": "12.0985" }, { "id": "OUT-SL0040-1815-GEORDIE-MINE-SAFETY-LAMP", "title": "Geordie矿工安全灯设计与矿井使用", "year": "1815", "summary": "设计 Geordie 矿工安全灯，以油灯、玻璃烟囱、小孔供气、纱网和穿孔铜帽控制进排气，供含 firedamp 的煤矿照明使用以降低明火引爆风险。矿工、机械师和试验支持人员参与形成和使用；Davy 与 Clanny 是独立并行路线，不计入本成果预算。灯具笨重、照度不足且需仔细清洁，不能据此声称消除矿难。", "mReason": "该器物把明火照明改为受控进排气结构，在firedamp环境提供实际风险降低工具，按有明确使用但维护、照度和系统安全边界的专用安全工程取M3.6。不能把安全灯等同于消除矿难。", "aReason": "George 0.50；Killingworth矿工、机械师及试验支持0.22；一般灯具、玻璃金工和矿井通风前史0.13；维护使用者0.10；未知0.05。Davy、Clanny仅在dedup中作为独立并行路线。", "sources": [ { "label": "科学博物馆集团：Stephenson 安全灯", "url": "https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/objects/co43798/stephensons-safety-lamp-1839-1857" }, { "label": "Smithsonian：矿灯与安全灯", "url": "https://www.si.edu/spotlight/mining-lights-and-hats/safety-lamps" } ], "missing": "未核Killingworth试验见证和委员会档案，不裁定优先权。；缺使用规模、维护失败和事故率数据。", "status": "缺证暂估", "overlapNote": "1815年以油灯、玻璃烟囱、小管/细孔进气、纱网及穿孔铜帽形成的Geordie矿灯设计和实际矿井安全用途。只计该设计族一次；不领取后续混合灯、矿井通风改善或死亡率变化。Davy和Clanny是独立路线，因无已证技术传递不进入本成果预算。", "M": "3.6", "budget": [ { "actor": "乔治·史蒂芬森", "actorId": "SL-0040", "type": "PERSON", "share": "0.5" }, { "actor": "Killingworth 矿工、机械师与试验支持人员", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::KILLINGWORTH-MINERS-MECHANICS-AND-TEST-SUPPORT", "type": "TEAM", "share": "0.22" }, { "actor": "油灯、玻璃金工与矿井通风前史", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::OIL-LAMP-GLASS-METALWORK-AND-MINE-VENTILATION-PREHISTORY", "type": "PREDECESSOR_POOL", "share": "0.13" }, { "actor": "Geordie 灯维护人员与矿工使用者", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::GEORDIE-MAINTENANCE-AND-USERS", "type": "ADOPTER_POOL", "share": "0.1" }, { "actor": "未分配的背景贡献", "actorId": "STEPHENSON::UNKNOWN-CONTRIBUTORS", "type": "UNALLOCATED", "share": "0.05" } ], "share": "0.5", "exactLight": "31.04786722400966247171800683111719323364726285941143622638647644167474716488434037864570338718261324", "light": "31.047867", "standaloneScore": "3.01", "lightSharePercent": "10.1488" } ], "exactTotalLight": "305.9278150496438022978708777652593268210212196482288988766216365929335424025998044827685185245696544", "totalLight": "305.927815", "exactScore": "4.974072495502887431234595193366557149088085298095195543969832383857469037576232217445964260782551778", "displayScore": "4.97", "provisionalCount": 4, "provenance": { "releaseId": "research-200-20260914", "baselineLedgerSha256": "8bdd406b3e20ae22357644499e622922c670ff11010df0478c70c23b38902108", "c24DeltaSha256": "b0b96144d1d3397e54a61c3d706ff2da5920fe7617e3bef50407149cb97d9d62", "generatorSha256": "25de659e9852503508e7c27d8a31773b8da5d6310531b1e3699d18cc94319929" }, "priorScopeNote": "4项已列贡献的研究估分，含4项暂估。账本覆盖有限的主要成果，尚未穷尽生涯。M与归功份额是可修订的评估判断；未覆盖经历和负面影响不按零处理。", "rank": 163 }