Displayed to two decimal places.
PERSON · STARLIGHT
Norman Borlaug
Recorded name: 诺曼·博洛格
An American agronomist and wheat breeder. His research work included breeding wheat in Mexico for rust resistance, broad adaptation, and semidwarf traits.
Original Chinese introduction
美国农学家和小麦育种者。其研究工作包括在墨西哥开展小麦抗锈、广适应和半矮秆性状的育种。
This round lists only the 1944–1962 Mexican breeding system for rust-resistant, broadly adapted semidwarf wheat. South Asia transfer remains HOLD_OR_MERGE. CIMMYT, later rust resistance work, African projects, public advocacy, and positive and negative career outcomes concerning environmental and distributive responsibility are not covered; uncovered material is not zero.
Original Chinese context
仅列1944–1962墨西哥抗锈、广适应半矮秆小麦育种系统一项；南亚转移保持HOLD_OR_MERGE，CIMMYT、后期抗锈、非洲项目、公共倡议及环境/分配责任等生涯正负成果未覆盖，未覆盖不等于零。
Introduction sources
- Norman E. Borlaug, ‘The Green Revolution, Peace, and Humanity’, Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1970. ↗ · Borlaug’s sustained breeding and cross-national trial and diffusion actions in Mexico; two-site, two-season selection produced broad photoperiod adaptation and disease-resistance combinations; the Norin 10 dwarfing source was repeatedly crossed into Mexican material; adaptation research in India and Pakistan, seed multiplication, inputs, prices, credit, and production organization were indispensable. Limits: this self-account does not provide independently usable precise personal shares; it does not prove that Borlaug invented Norin 10, Vogel’s Norin 10 × Brevor material, Indian new varieties, or national yield increases; it does not support a “billion people” figure or assigning the rice Green Revolution to him.Original Chinese role · Borlaug在墨西哥育种计划中的长期育种和跨国试验/推广动作；两地两季选择形成广光周期适应与抗病组合；Norin 10矮化源被多次杂交进入墨西哥材料；印度/巴基斯坦适应研究、种子扩繁、投入、价格、信贷与生产组织不可缺。 限制：自述不提供可独立采用的个人精确份额；不证明Borlaug发明Norin 10、Vogel的Norin 10×Brevor材料、印度新品种或各国增产；不支持‘十亿人’数字或把水稻绿色革命归给他。
- Alan L. Olmstead and Paul W. Rhode, ‘Adapting North American wheat production to climatic challenges, 1839–2009’, PNAS 108(2), 480–485 (2011), doi:10.1073/pnas.1008279108. ↗ · Borlaug’s identifiable increment as lead breeder of the Mexican program and in shuttle breeding; the semidwarf combination was built on Japanese Norin 10 and Orville Vogel’s Norin 10 × Brevor work; the result also depended on the Mexico-government–Rockefeller platform and other agronomists. Limits: the article does not reconstruct the Mexican breeding team person by person, Norin 10’s Japanese breeder, the Salmon transfer chain, the Gaines variety, or actors in each South Asian country; it also gives no personal attribution shares.Original Chinese role · Borlaug作为墨西哥计划首席育种者及穿梭育种的可定位增量；半矮秆组合建立在日本Norin 10和Orville Vogel的Norin 10×Brevor工作上；成果还依赖墨西哥政府—Rockefeller平台和其他农学家。 限制：文章不逐名恢复墨西哥育种团队、Norin 10日本育成者、Salmon传递链、Gaines品种或南亚各国行动者；也不提供个人归功比例。
- Prabhu L. Pingali, ‘Green Revolution: Impacts, limits, and the path ahead’, PNAS 109(31), 12302–12308 (2012), doi:10.1073/pnas.0912953109. ↗ · Crop germplasm is only one part of a yield-increase chain; national research systems commonly continued adaptation breeding and release, while irrigation, fertilizer, policy, markets, credit, and farmer adoption jointly produced outcomes. The Green Revolution brought gains in yield, food prices, and poverty, alongside regional and smallholder inequality, micronutrient issues, water use, soil degradation, and chemical runoff. Limits: macro Green-Revolution effects cannot all be assigned to Borlaug or one wheat line; the paper explicitly attributes many environmental consequences to policy settings encouraging excessive inputs rather than technology itself, so all ecological damage may not automatically be charged to an individual.Original Chinese role · 作物种质只是增产链的一部分；国家研究系统通常继续适应育种和发布，灌溉、肥料、政策、市场、信贷与农民采用共同形成结果。绿色革命带来产量、食价和贫困改善，同时存在地区/小农分配不均、微量营养问题及用水、土壤退化和化学径流。 限制：宏观绿色革命效果不能全部归给Borlaug或单一小麦品系；论文明确指出不少环境后果来自鼓励投入过量的政策环境，而非技术本身，因此不能把全部生态损害自动扣给个人。
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), ‘Japanese wheat that saved humanity from hunger: Wheat Norin 10 (NORIN TEN)’. ↗Original Chinese label · National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), ‘人類を飢餓から救った日本の小麦 ～小麦農林10号 (NORIN TEN)～’. · Identifies the specific Japanese breeder as Gonjiro Inazuka, and connects the 1935 Norin 10 to the Iwate Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station; confirms that the material entered the United States after the war and was used as breeding stock. Limits: the page does not reconstruct Norin 10’s earlier parents, all co-breeders at the Iwate station, Salmon’s name, every U.S. material batch, or any individual attribution share; commemorative impact claims are not used for magnitude.Original Chinese role · 把具体日本育种者定位为稲塚権次郎，并把1935年农林10号和岩手县农事试验场绑定；确认该材料战后进入美国并被用作育种亲本。 限制：页面未逐项恢复农林10号的更早亲本、岩手试验场全部共同育种人员、Salmon姓名、美国每批材料或任何个人归功比例；纪念性影响叙述不用于量级。
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, ‘Fueling the Green Revolution’, ARS historical timeline feature, by Russell P. Kaniuka. ↗ · Establishes the Salmon–U.S. germplasm collection–Pullman/Vogel–Borlaug transfer chain, and shows that Gaines and material transferred to Borlaug originated in the same Pullman breeding work. Limits: it does not say that Borlaug used the Gaines variety itself, and gives neither transfer batches, particular generations, nor exact Norin 10 × Brevor line numbers; it does not support assigning the whole Pullman program, Gaines, or subsequent national yields to Borlaug.Original Chinese role · 锁定Salmon—美国种质收藏—Pullman/Vogel—Borlaug的传递链，并证明Gaines与转给Borlaug的材料来自同一Pullman育种工作。 限制：页面没有说Borlaug使用Gaines品种本身，也没有给出转移批次、具体世代或精确Norin 10×Brevor系号；不支持把整个Pullman项目、Gaines或后续各国产量归给Borlaug。
Derived from the current score.
Contribution groups assessed so far; coverage is still being expanded.
ASSESSMENT SCOPEWhat this score covers
All included contribution titles and notes are available in English. The complete original text remains available in Chinese; both editions use the same scores and source links.
Uncovered contributions and unresolved harms are not treated as zero. This is not a complete assessment of a lifetime.
1 included contribution has incomplete evidence; the relevant gap appears with that contribution.
Original scope note
This round lists only the 1944–1962 Mexican breeding system for rust-resistant, broadly adapted semidwarf wheat. South Asia transfer remains HOLD_OR_MERGE. CIMMYT, later rust resistance work, African projects, public advocacy, and positive and negative career outcomes concerning environmental and distributive responsibility are not covered; uncovered material is not zero.
Original Chinese scope
仅列1944–1962墨西哥抗锈、广适应半矮秆小麦育种系统一项；南亚转移保持HOLD_OR_MERGE，CIMMYT、后期抗锈、非洲项目、公共倡议及环境/分配责任等生涯正负成果未覆盖，未覆盖不等于零。
CALCULATIONHow the score is calculated
Q = 10^(M/2) − 1; Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ; L = Σ Lᵢ; S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L).
M is an outcome’s assessed magnitude and a is the person’s allocated share. A standalone score is only a per-item reference; the attributed light from distinct contributions is what can be combined.
SCORE DETAILS
1 evaluated contributions
M is the assessed magnitude of an outcome; attribution is the person’s share of credit. Attributed light can be added. The standalone score is only a per-item reference and must not be added across rows.
Scroll sideways for scores and attribution.
| Outcome | M | Attribution share | Attributed light | Standalone score | Share of total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01Mexico’s rust-resistant, broadly adapted semidwarf wheat-breeding system墨西哥抗锈、广适应半矮秆小麦育种系统OUT-SL0015-1944-1962-MEXICO-WHEAT-BREEDING-SYSTEM · 1944–1962 | 6.4 | 30% | 475.167958 | 5.36 | 100.0000% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
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NOTES AND SOURCES
Contribution notes and source links
English translations of the included notes appear below, with their Chinese originals available for comparison.
01Mexico’s rust-resistant, broadly adapted semidwarf wheat-breeding system墨西哥抗锈、广适应半矮秆小麦育种系统OUT-SL0015-1944-1962-MEXICO-WHEAT-BREEDING-SYSTEM
Record year1944–1962
summaryTreats the Sonora–Toluca two-site, two-season shuttle breeding; selection for rust resistance and broad photoperiod adaptation; integration of Norin 10 × Brevor material; and Mexican trialled and released lines as one breeding-system endpoint. Scientific evaluation at program trial sites is accounted for separately by action from farm demonstration and initial seed multiplication; they do not generate separate Qs.
Original Chinese · summary
把Sonora—Toluca两地两季穿梭育种、抗锈与广光周期适应选择、Norin 10×Brevor材料整合及墨西哥试验/释放的品系视为一个育种系统终端；计划试验地的科学评价与农场示范/初期扩繁按动作分账，不分别生Q。
M rationaleThe object delivers a repeatable accelerated breeding program across environments, and usable Mexican wheat lines jointly shaped by disease resistance, broad adaptation, and semidwarf traits. Its function and durability exceed a single material improvement, one experiment, or advice on method alone. It is slightly above the Kelly–Bessemer integration of air decarbonization and early commercial steelmaking at M6.2, and the Model T design–production–mass-access system at M6.3, because it changes breeding cycles, selection environments, and the crop-trait combination at once, while creating germplasm capacity that can be recombined further. It is below WHO’s completed multinational smallpox-eradication project at M6.6, because it does not claim implementation in India or Pakistan, world food outcomes, or complete global diffusion; it is also below Volta’s foundational electric-pile experimental platform at M6.8. The M6.4 center already includes the dependence of high-yield performance on fertilizer, irrigation, and management, and the scope limit that this item covers only the Mexican breeding endpoint. 6.2/6.6 are sensitivities for functional scope and durability, not factual bounds or mechanical scores by line or country count.
Original Chinese · M rationale
该对象交付一套可重复执行的跨环境加速育种程序，以及由病害抗性、广适应与半矮秆性状共同形成的可用墨西哥小麦品系，功能和持续性高于单一材料改良、单次试验或只给方法建议。它略高于Kelly—Bessemer空气脱碳与早期商业钢法整合M6.2、Model T设计—生产—大众可得系统M6.3，因为本项同时改变育种周期、选择环境和作物性状组合，并形成可继续重组的种质能力；但低于WHO跨多国完成天花根除项目M6.6，因为这里不领取印度/巴基斯坦实施、世界粮食结果或完整全球推广，也低于伏打电堆基础实验平台M6.8。中心M6.4已把高产表现依赖肥料、灌溉和管理，以及本项只覆盖墨西哥育种终端的范围限制纳入；6.2/6.6是功能范围与持续性敏感性，不是史实上下界或按品系/国家数量机械计分。
attribution rationalePeer-reviewed research identifies Borlaug as the lead breeder and credits him with the shuttle-breeding innovation; in his own lecture he specifically describes sustained recurrent crossing, selection, demonstration, and integration of Norin 10. He therefore receives the largest individual share, 0.30. His lecture consistently uses “we” and names breeding, soil, pathology, entomology, and agronomy teams; the project also required the government–Rockefeller institutional arrangement, two-site trial conditions, field validation, and seed multiplication. The lineage gate further confirms that Borlaug actually used the Norin 10–Salmon–Vogel/Pullman predecessor chain. Five mutually exclusive action classes sum to 1.00. The proportions are research judgments about formative responsibility, not percentages reported by sources, and do not convert evidence confidence, fame, or generic resource background into shares. Under the adopted revision, his own actions are first excluded from the team pool; program trial-site records and scientific evaluation belong to the team, trial-site use and funding logistics to institutions, and farm demonstration, feedback, and initial multiplication to the field pool. A specific action may not be attributed across pools; a person may perform different actions but may not claim the same action twice.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Borlaug有同行评议研究定位的首席育种者与穿梭育种创新责任，并在本人讲演中具体叙述长期反复杂交、选择、示范和Norin 10整合，故取最大单一份额0.30。其讲演持续使用‘we’，并列出育种、土壤、病理、昆虫和农艺团队；项目还需要政府—Rockefeller建制、两地试验条件、田间验证和种子扩繁。谱系门又确认Borlaug实际消费了Norin 10—Salmon—Vogel/Pullman前史链。五类动作互斥合计1.00；比例是形成责任的研究判断，不是史料百分比，也没有用资料置信度、名望或泛资源背景折成份额。 采用修订：本人动作先排除出团队池；计划试验地记录与科学评价归团队，试验地使用与资金物流归机构，农场示范/反馈/初期扩繁归田间池。同一具体动作不得跨池重复归属，同一人可以执行不同动作但不能重复领取同一动作。
overlap boundaryThis item claims the Mexican breeding system’s program, trait integration, and local line delivery once only. The South Asia transfer has not yet established a personal service endpoint independent of the same lines and food outcomes, and remains HOLD_OR_MERGE. If reopened later, it may claim only evidenced increments of cross-national trials, training, and coordination; it may not claim this item’s lines, general high yields, or the same food-output increase again. The five pools follow the exclusive definitions in budget.role; an actor’s identity is not an additional basis for claiming credit. If a later finding shows the same action attributed across pools, the budget must be reopened rather than hiding overlap by renaming it.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
本项一次性领取墨西哥育种系统的程序、性状整合和当地品系交付。南亚转移当前没有证成独立于同一品系和粮食结果的个人服务终端，保持HOLD_OR_MERGE；若以后重开，只能领取可证的跨国试验、训练与协调增量，不能再领取本项品系、一般高产或同一粮食增产。 五池以budget.role的排他定义为准；主体身份不是额外领取依据。若后续发现同一动作已跨池重复，应重开预算，不以改名隐藏重叠。
Evidence gapsThe original Mexican breeding books, person-by-person team assignments, particular trial-farm and multiplication personnel, and seed batches received by Borlaug have not been checked. These gaps limit subdivision within the attribution pools, but do not require converting direct formative responsibility into a confidence discount.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
未核墨西哥原始育种簿、逐名团队分工、具体试验农场/扩繁人员和Borlaug收到的种子批次；这些缺口限制人物池内细分，却不要求把直接形成责任改成置信度折扣。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.30Norman BorlaugOriginal Chinese · 诺曼·博洛格Person
- 0.20Norin 10–Salmon transfer–Vogel/Pullman semidwarf predecessor chainOriginal Chinese · Norin 10—Salmon转移—Vogel/Pullman半矮秆前史链Predecessor-chain pool
- 0.25Mexican wheat-program multidisciplinary breeding and research teamOriginal Chinese · 墨西哥小麦计划多学科育种与科研团队Team pool
- 0.13Mexico-government–Rockefeller joint program, experiment stations, and program operationsOriginal Chinese · 墨西哥政府—Rockefeller联合计划、试验站与项目运行Institution-and-program pool
- 0.12Mexican farm demonstration, farmer-feedback, and initial seed-multiplication participantsOriginal Chinese · 墨西哥农场示范、农民反馈与初期种子扩繁参与者Field-validation-and-production pool
Source links
- Norman E. Borlaug, ‘The Green Revolution, Peace, and Humanity’, Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1970. ↗ · Borlaug’s sustained breeding and cross-national trial and diffusion actions in Mexico; two-site, two-season selection produced broad photoperiod adaptation and disease-resistance combinations; the Norin 10 dwarfing source was repeatedly crossed into Mexican material; adaptation research in India and Pakistan, seed multiplication, inputs, prices, credit, and production organization were indispensable. Limits: this self-account does not provide independently usable precise personal shares; it does not prove that Borlaug invented Norin 10, Vogel’s Norin 10 × Brevor material, Indian new varieties, or national yield increases; it does not support a “billion people” figure or assigning the rice Green Revolution to him.Original Chinese note · Borlaug在墨西哥育种计划中的长期育种和跨国试验/推广动作；两地两季选择形成广光周期适应与抗病组合；Norin 10矮化源被多次杂交进入墨西哥材料；印度/巴基斯坦适应研究、种子扩繁、投入、价格、信贷与生产组织不可缺。 限制：自述不提供可独立采用的个人精确份额；不证明Borlaug发明Norin 10、Vogel的Norin 10×Brevor材料、印度新品种或各国增产；不支持‘十亿人’数字或把水稻绿色革命归给他。
- Alan L. Olmstead and Paul W. Rhode, ‘Adapting North American wheat production to climatic challenges, 1839–2009’, PNAS 108(2), 480–485 (2011), doi:10.1073/pnas.1008279108. ↗ · Borlaug’s identifiable increment as lead breeder of the Mexican program and in shuttle breeding; the semidwarf combination was built on Japanese Norin 10 and Orville Vogel’s Norin 10 × Brevor work; the result also depended on the Mexico-government–Rockefeller platform and other agronomists. Limits: the article does not reconstruct the Mexican breeding team person by person, Norin 10’s Japanese breeder, the Salmon transfer chain, the Gaines variety, or actors in each South Asian country; it also gives no personal attribution shares.Original Chinese note · Borlaug作为墨西哥计划首席育种者及穿梭育种的可定位增量；半矮秆组合建立在日本Norin 10和Orville Vogel的Norin 10×Brevor工作上；成果还依赖墨西哥政府—Rockefeller平台和其他农学家。 限制：文章不逐名恢复墨西哥育种团队、Norin 10日本育成者、Salmon传递链、Gaines品种或南亚各国行动者；也不提供个人归功比例。
- Prabhu L. Pingali, ‘Green Revolution: Impacts, limits, and the path ahead’, PNAS 109(31), 12302–12308 (2012), doi:10.1073/pnas.0912953109. ↗ · Crop germplasm is only one part of a yield-increase chain; national research systems commonly continued adaptation breeding and release, while irrigation, fertilizer, policy, markets, credit, and farmer adoption jointly produced outcomes. The Green Revolution brought gains in yield, food prices, and poverty, alongside regional and smallholder inequality, micronutrient issues, water use, soil degradation, and chemical runoff. Limits: macro Green-Revolution effects cannot all be assigned to Borlaug or one wheat line; the paper explicitly attributes many environmental consequences to policy settings encouraging excessive inputs rather than technology itself, so all ecological damage may not automatically be charged to an individual.Original Chinese note · 作物种质只是增产链的一部分；国家研究系统通常继续适应育种和发布，灌溉、肥料、政策、市场、信贷与农民采用共同形成结果。绿色革命带来产量、食价和贫困改善，同时存在地区/小农分配不均、微量营养问题及用水、土壤退化和化学径流。 限制：宏观绿色革命效果不能全部归给Borlaug或单一小麦品系；论文明确指出不少环境后果来自鼓励投入过量的政策环境，而非技术本身，因此不能把全部生态损害自动扣给个人。
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), ‘Japanese wheat that saved humanity from hunger: Wheat Norin 10 (NORIN TEN)’. ↗Original Chinese label · National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), ‘人類を飢餓から救った日本の小麦 ～小麦農林10号 (NORIN TEN)～’. · Identifies the specific Japanese breeder as Gonjiro Inazuka, and connects the 1935 Norin 10 to the Iwate Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station; confirms that the material entered the United States after the war and was used as breeding stock. Limits: the page does not reconstruct Norin 10’s earlier parents, all co-breeders at the Iwate station, Salmon’s name, every U.S. material batch, or any individual attribution share; commemorative impact claims are not used for magnitude.Original Chinese note · 把具体日本育种者定位为稲塚権次郎，并把1935年农林10号和岩手县农事试验场绑定；确认该材料战后进入美国并被用作育种亲本。 限制：页面未逐项恢复农林10号的更早亲本、岩手试验场全部共同育种人员、Salmon姓名、美国每批材料或任何个人归功比例；纪念性影响叙述不用于量级。
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, ‘Fueling the Green Revolution’, ARS historical timeline feature, by Russell P. Kaniuka. ↗ · Establishes the Salmon–U.S. germplasm collection–Pullman/Vogel–Borlaug transfer chain, and shows that Gaines and material transferred to Borlaug originated in the same Pullman breeding work. Limits: it does not say that Borlaug used the Gaines variety itself, and gives neither transfer batches, particular generations, nor exact Norin 10 × Brevor line numbers; it does not support assigning the whole Pullman program, Gaines, or subsequent national yields to Borlaug.Original Chinese note · 锁定Salmon—美国种质收藏—Pullman/Vogel—Borlaug的传递链，并证明Gaines与转给Borlaug的材料来自同一Pullman育种工作。 限制：页面没有说Borlaug使用Gaines品种本身，也没有给出转移批次、具体世代或精确Norin 10×Brevor系号；不支持把整个Pullman项目、Gaines或后续各国产量归给Borlaug。
BOUNDARIES NOT COUNTED
Not included in this score
These subjects are recorded as exclusions and are not silently treated as zero or as part of the included outcomes.
Transfer of Mexican wheat material to India and Pakistan for trials, training, and production collaboration
墨西哥小麦材料向印度、巴基斯坦的试验转移、训练与生产协作
Reason HOLD_OR_MERGE_PENDING_INDEPENDENT_SERVICE_BOUNDARY: Borlaug’s lecture confirms participation in trials, seed transfer, farm demonstration, and production campaigns, and also makes clear that national programs completed local adaptation, further breeding, policy, and implementation. Existing independent sources do not sufficiently separate Borlaug’s personal cross-national training and coordination service endpoint; creating a separate Q now would duplicate the Mexican lines and the same food-output increase. Reopening gate: use Indian and Pakistani national archives or CIMMYT program records to identify Borlaug’s own negotiation, training, or coordination actions separable from the lines, and provide a complete budget for national breeders, governments, seed systems, inputs, and farmers; otherwise merge it as this item’s subsequent diffusion and do not create a separate Q.
Original Chinese reason
HOLD_OR_MERGE_PENDING_INDEPENDENT_SERVICE_BOUNDARY：本人讲演证实试验、种子转移、农场示范和生产campaign参与，也明确国家项目完成本地适应、再育种、政策和实施。现有独立来源没有充分分离Borlaug个人的跨国训练/协调服务终端；若此时另生Q，会重复墨西哥品系与同一粮食增产。 重开门：用印度、巴基斯坦国家档案或CIMMYT项目记录定位Borlaug本人可与品系分离的谈判、训练或协调动作，并给国家育种者、政府、种子体系、投入与农民完整预算；否则作为本项后续扩散合并，不另生Q。
Other positive and negative career outcomes not covered
其他生涯正负成果未覆盖
Reason CIMMYT institution-building, international breeding networks, and personnel training: institutional creation, management, training networks, and subsequent breeding programs do not automatically follow from Borlaug’s title or Mexican lines, nor may they duplicate the South Asia transfer. Later wheat rust resistance, global disease surveillance, and breeding advocacy: rust-resistance selection formed in 1944–1962 is not repeated; only a new disease object, monitoring, or coordination function could reopen the item. African agricultural projects and later technology transfer: Mexican or South Asian reputation is not projected onto African projects; lines, technology, inputs, policy, and local actors require a separate causal chain. Food and agricultural policy and public advocacy: speeches, advocacy, policy influence, and prize-related dissemination do not become new outcomes automatically through fame, nor feed back into the breeding item. Input dependence, water, soil, chemical runoff, nutrition, and distributive consequences: this item already includes the response conditions of the lines to fertilizer, irrigation, and management within its M boundary; policy-induced overuse, regional and land-institution distribution, and global ecological consequences are not automatically assigned to an individual, nor treated as zero. None of the above projects has been scored; that is not zero.
Original Chinese reason
CIMMYT机构建设、国际育种网络与人员训练：机构创建、管理、培训网络与后续育种项目不能由Borlaug的职衔或墨西哥品系自动承接，也不能与南亚转移重复。；后期小麦抗锈、全球病害监测与育种倡议：1944–1962已形成的抗锈选择不重复；后期只有新增病害对象、监测或协调功能才可重开。；非洲农业项目与后续技术转移：不把墨西哥/南亚声望投射到非洲项目；品系、技术、投入、政策和本地行动者需另建因果链。；粮食、农业政策与公共倡议：演说、倡议、政策影响和获奖传播不因名望自动成为新成果，也不回灌育种项。；投入依赖、用水、土壤、化学径流、营养与分配后果：本项已把品系对肥料、灌溉和管理的响应条件纳入M边界；政策诱导过量、地区/土地制度分配和全球生态后果不自动归个人，也不视为零。 上述项目均未评分，不等于零。
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