Displayed to two decimal places.
PERSON · STARLIGHT
Bob Mumgaard
Recorded name: 鲍勃·芒加德
Bob Mumgaard is an American fusion-energy entrepreneur, co-founder and chief executive officer of Commonwealth Fusion Systems.
Original Chinese introduction
鲍勃·芒加德是美国聚变能源创业者、Commonwealth Fusion Systems 的共同创办者兼首席执行官。
His work centers on high-temperature-superconducting magnets, compact tokamak R&D, and industrial organization.
Original Chinese context
他的工作围绕高温超导磁体、紧凑型托卡马克研发和产业组织展开。
Introduction sources
- Public material: cfs.energy ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：cfs.energy
- Public material: news.mit.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：news.mit.edu
Derived from the current score.
Contribution groups assessed so far; coverage is still being expanded.
ASSESSMENT SCOPEWhat this score covers
All included contribution titles and notes are available in English. The complete original text remains available in Chinese; both editions use the same scores and source links.
Uncovered contributions and unresolved harms are not treated as zero. This is not a complete assessment of a lifetime.
2 included contributions have incomplete evidence; the relevant gap appears with that contribution.
Original scope note
This research record currently includes 2 outcomes within a limited scope; M and attribution shares are revisable judgments. Uncovered content and negative effects not yet clarified are not treated as zero; specific gaps appear in the item-by-item explanations.
Original Chinese scope
本轮当前已列2项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。
CALCULATIONHow the score is calculated
Q = 10^(M/2) − 1; Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ; L = Σ Lᵢ; S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L).
M is an outcome’s assessed magnitude and a is the person’s allocated share. A standalone score is only a per-item reference; the attributed light from distinct contributions is what can be combined.
SCORE DETAILS
2 evaluated contributions
M is the assessed magnitude of an outcome; attribution is the person’s share of credit. Attributed light can be added. The standalone score is only a per-item reference and must not be added across rows.
Scroll sideways for scores and attribution.
| Outcome | M | Attribution share | Attributed light | Standalone score | Share of total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01CFS–MIT full-scale 20T high-temperature-superconducting magnet engineering validationCFS—MIT全尺寸20T高温超导磁体工程验证OUT-SL2287-2021-CFS-MIT-20T-HTS-MAGNET-DEMONSTRATION · 2021 | 5.8 | 5% | 39.666412 | 3.22 | 58.5480% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 02CFS co-founding and organization of compact high-field fusion R&DCFS共同创办与紧凑高场聚变研发组织OUT-SL2287-2015-2025-CFS-FUSION-COMMERCIALISATION-ORGANISATION · 2018 | 4.9 | 10% | 28.083829 | 2.93 | 41.4520% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
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NOTES AND SOURCES
Contribution notes and source links
English translations of the included notes appear below, with their Chinese originals available for comparison.
01CFS–MIT full-scale 20T high-temperature-superconducting magnet engineering validationCFS—MIT全尺寸20T高温超导磁体工程验证OUT-SL2287-2021-CFS-MIT-20T-HTS-MAGNET-DEMONSTRATION
Record year2021
summaryCFS–MIT full-scale 20T high-temperature-superconducting magnet engineering validation. The full-scale large-bore magnet reached 20T, with a team of about 270 people and three years of manufacturing/supply-chain work.
Original Chinese · summary
CFS—MIT全尺寸20T高温超导磁体工程验证。全尺寸大孔径磁体达到20T、约270人团队及三年制造/供应链工作。
M rationaleMIT reporting gives the full-scale 20T measurement and a three-year manufacturing chain; the paper records a joint MIT/CFS project, and MIT TLO lists Mumgaard as a co-inventor of the related magnet structure. M5.8 is assigned for the key engineering validation.
Original Chinese · M rationale
MIT报道给出全尺寸20T实测和三年制造链，论文记录MIT/CFS共同项目，MIT TLO列Mumgaard为相关磁体结构共同发明人；按关键工程验证取M5.8。
attribution rationaleMumgaard 0.05, CFS team 0.34, MIT team 0.25, supply chain 0.09, prior work 0.14, institutions 0.06, unresolved 0.07.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Mumgaard0.05，CFS团队0.34，MIT团队0.25，供应链0.09，前史0.14，机构0.06，未解析0.07。
overlap boundaryThe large-bore, full-scale REBCO high-temperature-superconducting magnet jointly designed, manufactured, and tested by CFS and MIT PSFC in 2021 reached 20T; this includes actual engineering residues of related manufacturing and structural methods, and does not equal SPARC net energy or electricity generation.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
2021年CFS与MIT PSFC共同设计、制造并测试的大孔径全尺寸REBCO高温超导磁体达到20T；包含相关制造与结构方法的实际工程残余，不等于SPARC净能量或发电。
Evidence gapsThe complete parameters, failure records, and authors for each subsystem in the test report have not been checked item by item. The magnet's long-term performance in the SPARC operating environment remains a subsequent project.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
测试报告的完整参数、故障记录和各子系统作者未逐项核。；磁体在SPARC运行环境中的长期性能仍属后续项目。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.05Bob MumgaardOriginal Chinese · 鲍勃·芒加德Person
- 0.34CFS magnet engineering, manufacturing, and test teamOriginal Chinese · CFS磁体工程、制造与测试团队Team
- 0.25MIT Plasma Science Center magnet teamOriginal Chinese · MIT等离子体科学中心磁体团队Team
- 0.09REBCO superconducting-tape and supply-chain partnersOriginal Chinese · REBCO超导带材与供应链伙伴Team
- 0.14Prior work in superconducting materials, high-field magnets, and high-field tokamak knowledgeOriginal Chinese · 超导材料、强磁体和高场tokamak知识前史Predecessor pool
- 0.06CFS and MITOriginal Chinese · CFS与MITInstitution
- 0.07Unresolved design, manufacturing, and test contributions within the 270-person teamOriginal Chinese · 未解析的270人团队内的设计、制造和测试贡献Unallocated
Source links
- Public material: news.mit.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：news.mit.edu
- Public material: arxiv.org ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：arxiv.org
- Public material: tlo.mit.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：tlo.mit.edu
02CFS co-founding and organization of compact high-field fusion R&DCFS共同创办与紧凑高场聚变研发组织OUT-SL2287-2015-2025-CFS-FUSION-COMMERCIALISATION-ORGANISATION
Record year2018
summaryCFS co-founding and organization of compact high-field fusion R&D. Its 2018 MIT spinout and the starting point of company organization.
Original Chinese · summary
CFS共同创办与紧凑高场聚变研发组织。2018从MIT spin out及公司组织起点。
M rationaleMIT and CFS materials establish the commercialization path, the 2018 spinout, and the joint team; the organization already exists and delivered magnet validation, but the portion overlapping that validation is consumed by the next item, so only the M4.9 residual is taken.
Original Chinese · M rationale
MIT与CFS资料可证转化路径、2018 spinout和联合团队；组织已经存在并交付磁体验证，但与该验证重合部分由下一点消费，故只取M4.9残余。
attribution rationaleMumgaard 0.10, co-founders/technical leadership 0.25, company team 0.30, MIT team 0.10, prior work 0.10, institutions 0.06, unresolved 0.09.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Mumgaard0.10，共同创办/技术领导0.25，公司团队0.30，MIT团队0.10，前史0.10，机构0.06，未解析0.09。
overlap boundaryFrom MIT commercialization preparation in 2015 to CFS's establishment and R&D organizational capacity after 2018, counts only the already established team, collaboration, and manufacturing-R&D vehicle; financing amount, valuation, power-purchase intentions, SPARC net energy, and ARC power-plant targets are not counted as outcomes.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
2015 MIT转化准备至2018后CFS的成立与研发组织能力，仅计已建立团队、合作和制造研发载体；融资额、估值、购电意向、SPARC净能量与ARC电站目标不计为成果。
Evidence gapsThe co-founder list, incorporation documents, governance, and division of responsibility for strategic decisions have not been checked. Completed independent organizational deliveries beyond the magnet have not yet been established.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
共同创办人名单、成立文件、治理和战略决策分工未核。；磁体之外的已完成独立组织交付尚未证明。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.1Bob MumgaardOriginal Chinese · 鲍勃·芒加德Person
- 0.25Other CFS co-founders and early technical leadersOriginal Chinese · CFS其他共同创办人与早期技术负责人Team
- 0.3CFS R&D, operations, and commercial teamsOriginal Chinese · CFS研发、运营与商业团队Team
- 0.1MIT Plasma Science Center research and technology-transfer teamOriginal Chinese · MIT等离子体科学中心研究与技术转移团队Team
- 0.1Prior work in high-field tokamaks, HTS, and technology entrepreneurshipOriginal Chinese · 高场tokamak、HTS与科技创业前史Predecessor pool
- 0.06Commonwealth Fusion Systems and MITOriginal Chinese · Commonwealth Fusion Systems与MITInstitution
- 0.09Unresolved contributions from founding agreements, equity, and individual strategic decisionsOriginal Chinese · 未解析的创办协议、股权和个别战略决策贡献Unallocated
Source links
- Public material: cfs.energy ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：cfs.energy
- Public material: news.mit.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：news.mit.edu
- Public material: news.mit.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 公开资料：news.mit.edu
BOUNDARIES NOT COUNTED
Not included in this score
These subjects are recorded as exclusions and are not silently treated as zero or as part of the included outcomes.
SPARC, ARC, and future commercial-fusion deliveries
SPARC、ARC及商业聚变未来交付
Reason Future facilities, commercial operation, and financing valuations are not credited as delivered outcomes.
Original Chinese reason
未来装置、商业运行与融资估值不作为已交付成果。
How to read this score
Scores can change when evidence is reviewed. The method page explains how magnitude, attribution, and included results relate to the displayed score.
Read the method in English →