Displayed to two decimal places.
PERSON · STARLIGHT
Razan Zaitouneh
Recorded name: 拉赞·扎伊图尼
Razan Zaitouneh is a Syrian lawyer and human-rights documentarian who helped create VDC.
Original Chinese introduction
拉赞·宰图奈是叙利亚律师与人权记录者，参与创建VDC。
Razan Zaitouneh is a Syrian lawyer and human-rights documentarian who helped create the Violations Documentation Center (VDC). With colleagues, she collected and organized records of deaths, detention, and abuse during the conflict, and she disappeared in Douma in 2013. Her surviving work connects legal advocacy, field documentation, and preservation of public evidence.
Original Chinese context
拉赞·宰图奈是叙利亚律师与人权记录者，参与创建侵犯行为记录中心（VDC）。她与同事在冲突中收集和整理死亡、拘禁与虐待记录，并于2013年在杜马失踪。她留下的工作连接了法律倡议、现场记录与公共证据保存。
Introduction sources
- Associated Press report on the disappearance and VDC ↗Original Chinese label · 美联社失踪与VDC报道
- Front Line Defenders profile ↗Original Chinese label · Front Line Defenders人物记录
- Syrian Network for Human Rights report ↗Original Chinese label · 叙利亚人权网络报告
Derived from the current score.
Contribution groups assessed so far; coverage is still being expanded.
ASSESSMENT SCOPEWhat this score covers
All included contribution titles and notes are available in English. The complete original text remains available in Chinese; both editions use the same scores and source links.
Uncovered contributions and unresolved harms are not treated as zero. This is not a complete assessment of a lifetime.
1 included contribution has incomplete evidence; the relevant gap appears with that contribution.
Original scope note
This research record currently includes 1 outcome within a limited scope; M and attribution shares are revisable judgments. Uncovered content and negative effects not yet clarified are not treated as zero; specific gaps appear in the item-by-item explanations.
Original Chinese scope
本轮当前已列1项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。
CALCULATIONHow the score is calculated
Q = 10^(M/2) − 1; Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ; L = Σ Lᵢ; S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L).
M is an outcome’s assessed magnitude and a is the person’s allocated share. A standalone score is only a per-item reference; the attributed light from distinct contributions is what can be combined.
SCORE DETAILS
1 evaluated contributions
M is the assessed magnitude of an outcome; attribution is the person’s share of credit. Attributed light can be added. The standalone score is only a per-item reference and must not be added across rows.
Scroll sideways for scores and attribution.
| Outcome | M | Attribution share | Attributed light | Standalone score | Share of total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01Human-rights documentation system of the Violations Documentation CenterViolations Documentation Center的人权记录体系OUT-SL2896-2011-2013-VDC-HUMAN-RIGHTS-DOCUMENTATION · 2011–2013 | 5.6 | 25% | 157.489336 | 4.40 | 100.0000% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
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NOTES AND SOURCES
Contribution notes and source links
English translations of the included notes appear below, with their Chinese originals available for comparison.
01Human-rights documentation system of the Violations Documentation CenterViolations Documentation Center的人权记录体系OUT-SL2896-2011-2013-VDC-HUMAN-RIGHTS-DOCUMENTATION
Record year2011–2013
summaryEstablished a continuing documentation institution in a high-risk conflict environment, explicitly covering violations by multiple parties.
Original Chinese · summary
在高风险冲突环境中建立持续记录机构，并明确覆盖多方侵犯。
M rationaleEstimated from continuing data collection, classification, and public-archive services during the conflict; direct limitations from witness-safety exposure and documentation selection are included in the assessment, while unverified aspects of database methods and correction mechanisms remain publicly noted.
Original Chinese · M rationale
按冲突期间持续的资料收集、分类和公共档案服务估计；证人安全暴露与记录选择的直接局限纳入判断，数据库方法和纠错机制未核部分公开保留。
attribution rationaleRazan Zaitouneh .25; VDC research, verification, and data team .35; local witnesses and document contributors .14; prior development of human-rights documentation and legal literature .10; publishing, security, and technical-support team .08; unresolved share .08. The shares are research judgments, not directly supplied by sources.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
拉赞·宰图奈 .25；VDC研究、核验与数据团队 .35；地方证人与文献贡献者 .14；人权记录与法律文献前史 .10；发布、安全与技术支持团队 .08；未解析份额 .08。份额是研究判断，不由来源直接给定。
overlap boundaryCounts the organizational and archival outcome of founding and leading VDC from 2011 to 2013 and documenting deaths and detention abuse by all conflict parties; it does not treat records as judicial convictions or claim all records of Syrian violations.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
计2011至2013年创办并领导VDC、记录冲突各方死亡与拘禁虐待的组织和档案终态；不把记录当司法定罪，不领取所有叙利亚侵犯记录。
Evidence gapsVDC database-methodology descriptions and samples have not been read; witness consent, security protocols, and error-correction mechanisms have not been verified.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
未读取VDC数据库方法说明和样本；证人同意、安全协议与错误修正机制未核
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- .25Razan ZaitounehOriginal Chinese · 拉赞·扎伊图尼Person
- .35VDC research, verification, and data teamOriginal Chinese · VDC研究、核验与数据团队Team
- .14Local witnesses and documentation contributorsOriginal Chinese · 地方证人与文献贡献者Team
- .10Prehistory of human-rights documentation and legal recordsOriginal Chinese · 人权记录与法律文献前史Predecessor pool
- .08Publication, security, and technical-support teamOriginal Chinese · 发布、安全与技术支持团队Team
- .08Unresolved shareOriginal Chinese · 未解析份额Unallocated
Source links
- Institutional archives and research sources ↗Original Chinese label · 机构档案与研究来源
- Institutional archives and research sources ↗Original Chinese label · 机构档案与研究来源
- Institutional archives and research sources ↗Original Chinese label · 机构档案与研究来源
BOUNDARIES NOT COUNTED
Not included in this score
These subjects are recorded as exclusions and are not silently treated as zero or as part of the included outcomes.
Human-rights legal representation and advocacy around 2011
2011年前后的人权法律代理与倡议
Reason The role and activity are established, but specific cases, documents, or separable delivery are absent; a lawyer's title cannot set a separate M.
Original Chinese reason
身份和活动已证，但缺具体案件、文书或可分交付，不能用律师头衔另设M。
Specific founding and service of the Local Coordination Committees
地方协调委员会的具体创建和服务
Reason Current sources are insufficient to verify the institutional work or establish whether it overlaps with the contribution already counted for VDC.
Original Chinese reason
当前来源不足以核其制度劳动及与VDC的消费关系。
Fact of the 2013 enforced disappearance
2013年强迫失踪事实
Reason This is a harm and factual boundary, not a positive individual outcome; responsibility has not been judicially established.
Original Chinese reason
这是伤害与事实边界，不是个人正向成果；责任尚无司法确证。
How to read this score
Scores can change when evidence is reviewed. The method page explains how magnitude, attribution, and included results relate to the displayed score.
Read the method in English →