Displayed to two decimal places.
PERSON · STARLIGHT
Eugenius Warming
Recorded name: 欧根·瓦尔明
Eugen Warming was a Danish botanist. He studied vegetation in Brazil, Greenland, and Denmark, focusing on how plants form communities under differing moisture, soil, and climate conditions.
Original Chinese introduction
欧根·瓦尔明是丹麦植物学家。他研究巴西、格陵兰和丹麦的植被，关注植物如何在不同水分、土壤和气候条件下组成群落。
The 1895 Plant Communities linked plant geography to living environments and was later expanded into the English edition Plant Ecology. His work also includes plant morphology, a classification handbook, and specialized studies of coasts, dunes, and forests.
Original Chinese context
1895年的《植物群落》把植物地理与生存环境联系起来，后来扩展为英文版《植物生态学》。他的工作也包括植物形态、分类手册以及海岸、沙丘和森林的专题研究。
Introduction sources
- Source: lex.dk ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：lex.dk
- Source: www.darwinarkivet.dk ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：www.darwinarkivet.dk
- Source: people.wku.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：people.wku.edu
Derived from the current score.
Contribution groups assessed so far; coverage is still being expanded.
ASSESSMENT SCOPEWhat this score covers
All included contribution titles and notes are available in English. The complete original text remains available in Chinese; both editions use the same scores and source links.
Uncovered contributions and unresolved harms are not treated as zero. This is not a complete assessment of a lifetime.
4 included contributions have incomplete evidence; the relevant gap appears with that contribution.
Original scope note
This research record currently includes 4 outcomes within a limited scope; M and attribution shares are revisable judgments. Uncovered content and negative effects not yet clarified are not treated as zero; specific gaps appear in the item-by-item explanations.
Original Chinese scope
本轮当前已列4项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。
CALCULATIONHow the score is calculated
Q = 10^(M/2) − 1; Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ; L = Σ Lᵢ; S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L).
M is an outcome’s assessed magnitude and a is the person’s allocated share. A standalone score is only a per-item reference; the attributed light from distinct contributions is what can be combined.
SCORE DETAILS
4 evaluated contributions
M is the assessed magnitude of an outcome; attribution is the person’s share of credit. Attributed light can be added. The standalone score is only a per-item reference and must not be added across rows.
Scroll sideways for scores and attribution.
| Outcome | M | Attribution share | Attributed light | Standalone score | Share of total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01The plant-community–environment synthesis of Plantesamfund/Oecology of Plants《Plantesamfund／Oecology of Plants》的植物群落—环境综合OUT-SL3463-1895-1909-PLANTESAMFUND-ECOLOGICAL-SYNTHESIS · 1895 | 6.2 | 40% | 503.170165 | 5.41 | 50.8146% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 02Comparative field research on the Brazilian campo and Greenland vegetation巴西campo与格陵兰植被的比较野外研究OUT-SL3463-1865-1892-BRAZIL-GREENLAND-FIELD-VEGETATION · 1865 | 5.5 | 31% | 174.015811 | 4.49 | 17.5737% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 03Danish coast, dune, and forest vegetation series丹麦海岸、沙丘与森林植被系列OUT-SL3463-1906-1919-DANISH-HABITAT-MONOGRAPHS · 1906 | 5.4 | 34% | 170.063659 | 4.47 | 17.1745% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 04Comparative morphology research and systematic-botany handbook比较形态研究与系统植物学手册OUT-SL3463-1871-1879-SYSTEMATIC-BOTANY-COMPARATIVE-MORPHOLOGY · 1871 | 5.2 | 36% | 142.958581 | 4.32 | 14.4372% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
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NOTES AND SOURCES
Contribution notes and source links
English translations of the included notes appear below, with their Chinese originals available for comparison.
01The plant-community–environment synthesis of Plantesamfund/Oecology of Plants《Plantesamfund／Oecology of Plants》的植物群落—环境综合OUT-SL3463-1895-1909-PLANTESAMFUND-ECOLOGICAL-SYNTHESIS
Record year1895
summaryIt organized global plant communities by environmental factors, life forms, and structures of co-growth into a teachable, transferable ecological framework. The Danish text of 1895 and expanded English edition of 1909 are one evolving work family focused on plant-community and environment relations; lectures, field materials, and translation do not separately duplicate general theoretical value.
Original Chinese · summary
把全球植物群落按环境因素、生活型与共同生长结构组织成可教学、可迁移的生态框架。 1895丹麦文本及1909扩展英文版作为一个演化著作族，聚焦植物群落与环境关系；讲座、野外资料和翻译不另复制通用理论价值。
M rationaleA Princeton scholarly chronology describes it as the first in-depth textbook of plant ecology. Together with the account of its multilingual dissemination in Lex, this supports M6.2 for its systematic method and globally transferable scope.
Original Chinese · M rationale
Princeton学术年表称其为首部深入植物生态教材，结合Lex多语传播，按系统方法与全球可迁移范围取M6.2。
attribution rationaleWarming 0.40; Vahl 0.08; Groom 0.05; Balfour 0.04; earlier work 0.16; teaching/editing 0.07; institutions 0.06; unresolved 0.14.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Warming 0.40；Vahl 0.08；Groom 0.05；Balfour 0.04；前史0.16；讲授/编辑0.07；机构0.06；未解析0.14。
overlap boundaryThe Danish text of 1895 and expanded English edition of 1909 are one evolving work family focused on plant-community and environment relations; lectures, field materials, and translation do not separately duplicate general theoretical value.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1895丹麦文本及1909扩展英文版作为一个演化著作族，聚焦植物群落与环境关系；讲座、野外资料和翻译不另复制通用理论价值。
Evidence gapsTables of contents and prefaces for each edition are needed to analyze the division of labor among Vahl, Groom, and Balfour.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需逐版目录与序言解析Vahl、Groom、Balfour分工。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.4Eugen WarmingOriginal Chinese · 欧根·瓦尔明Person
- 0.08Martin Vahl (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · MARTIN VAHL（预算列明角色）Person
- 0.05Percy Groom (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · PERCY GROOM（预算列明角色）Person
- 0.04Isaac Bayley Balfour (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · ISAAC BAYLEY BALFOUR（预算列明角色）Person
- 0.16Plant Geography Physiology and Ecology: Prior Work (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · PLANT GEOGRAPHY PHYSIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.07Copenhagen Lecture Students and Contemporary Editorial Team (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · COPENHAGEN LECTURE STUDENTS AND CONTEMPORARY EDITORIAL TEAM（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.06Copenhagen and Publishing Institutions (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · COPENHAGEN AND PUBLISHING INSTITUTIONS（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.14Unresolved Plantesamfund Attribution (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED PLANTESAMFUND ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: lex.dk ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：lex.dk
02Comparative field research on the Brazilian campo and Greenland vegetation巴西campo与格陵兰植被的比较野外研究OUT-SL3463-1865-1892-BRAZIL-GREENLAND-FIELD-VEGETATION
Record year1865
summaryIt turned field materials from the tropical campo and Arctic vegetation into comparable habitat–community evidence. It covers the evidenced field-comparative end state of the Lagoa Santa campo in Brazil from 1865–1892 and Greenland vegetation research in 1888; later Danish coastal series are excluded.
Original Chinese · summary
把热带campo和北极植被的现场材料转为可比较的生境—群落证据。 1865–1892巴西Lagoa Santa campo与1888格陵兰植被研究的有据野外—比较终态；不含后来的丹麦海岸系列。
M rationaleM5.5 is assigned for field-comparative materials and interpretive method across climatic zones; it is not scored by the number of trips or locations.
Original Chinese · M rationale
按跨气候带的实地比较资料和解释方法取M5.5；不是按旅行或地点数量计分。
attribution rationaleIndividual 0.31, Lund 0.10, field team 0.15, earlier work 0.16, institutions 0.08, unresolved 0.20.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
个人0.31，Lund 0.10，现场团队0.15，前史0.16，机构0.08，未解析0.20。
overlap boundaryIt covers the evidenced field-comparative end state of the Lagoa Santa campo in Brazil from 1865–1892 and Greenland vegetation research in 1888; later Danish coastal series are excluded.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1865–1892巴西Lagoa Santa campo与1888格陵兰植被研究的有据野外—比较终态；不含后来的丹麦海岸系列。
Evidence gapsPrimary logs are needed for local collectors, Greenland collaborators, and the division of specimen work.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
地方采集者、格陵兰协作者与标本分工需原始日志。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.31Eugen WarmingOriginal Chinese · 欧根·瓦尔明Person
- 0.1Peter Wilhelm Lund (role listed in the attribution budget)Original Chinese · PETER WILHELM LUND（预算列明角色）Person
- 0.15BRAZIL, GREENLAND FIELD ASSISTANTS, COLLECTORS, AND INFORMANTS (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · BRAZIL GREENLAND FIELD ASSISTANTS COLLECTORS AND INFORMANTS（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.16PLANT GEOGRAPHY AND BOTANICAL FIELDWORK PRIOR TRADITION (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · PLANT GEOGRAPHY AND BOTANICAL FIELDWORK PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.08CONTEMPORARY BOTANICAL INSTITUTIONS AND COLLECTIONS (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · CONTEMPORARY BOTANICAL INSTITUTIONS AND COLLECTIONS（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.2UNRESOLVED WARMING BRAZIL GREENLAND ATTRIBUTION (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED WARMING BRAZIL GREENLAND ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: lex.dk ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：lex.dk
03Danish coast, dune, and forest vegetation series丹麦海岸、沙丘与森林植被系列OUT-SL3463-1906-1919-DANISH-HABITAT-MONOGRAPHS
Record year1906
summaryBrings ecological interpretation into long-term regional comparison across adjacent habitats such as coasts, dunes, and forests. Danish habitat series including 1906 coastal vegetation, 1909 dunes, and 1919 forests; grouped by the same regional comparative plan, without duplication by volume.
Original Chinese · summary
将生态解释落实到海岸、沙丘、森林等相邻生境的长期区域比较。 1906海岸植被、1909沙丘及1919森林等丹麦生境系列；按同一地区比较计划合族，不按卷复制。
M rationaleTake M5.4 for the independent empirical end-state of a regional ecological series; law and later conservation effects are excluded.
Original Chinese · M rationale
按区域生态系列的独立经验终态取M5.4；法律和后世保护效果排除。
attribution rationaleIndividual 0.34, team 0.14, prior tradition 0.16, institution 0.11, publication 0.07, unresolved 0.18.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
个人0.34，团队0.14，前史0.16，机构0.11，出版0.07，未解析0.18。
overlap boundaryDanish habitat series including 1906 coastal vegetation, 1909 dunes, and 1919 forests; grouped by the same regional comparative plan, without duplication by volume.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1906海岸植被、1909沙丘及1919森林等丹麦生境系列；按同一地区比较计划合族，不按卷复制。
Evidence gapsThe editorial end-state of the 1919 forest volume, published after his death, requires further differentiation; later editing is not fed back into the original research.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
1919森林卷在其逝世后出版的编辑终态需要细分，不把后世编辑倒灌原始研究。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.34Eugen WarmingOriginal Chinese · 欧根·瓦尔明Person
- 0.14DANISH FIELD ASSISTANTS, STUDENTS, AND COLLECTORS (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · DANISH FIELD ASSISTANTS STUDENTS AND COLLECTORS（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.16PLANT ECOLOGY AND DANISH NATURAL HISTORY PRIOR TRADITION (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · PLANT ECOLOGY AND DANISH NATURAL HISTORY PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.11UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN AND DANISH BOTANICAL INSTITUTIONS (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN AND DANISH BOTANICAL INSTITUTIONS（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.07CONTEMPORARY EDITORS, ILLUSTRATORS, AND PUBLISHERS (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · CONTEMPORARY EDITORS ILLUSTRATORS AND PUBLISHERS（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.18UNRESOLVED WARMING DANISH MONOGRAPHS ATTRIBUTION (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED WARMING DANISH MONOGRAPHS ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: lex.dk ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：lex.dk
04Comparative morphology research and systematic-botany handbook比较形态研究与系统植物学手册OUT-SL3463-1871-1879-SYSTEMATIC-BOTANY-COMPARATIVE-MORPHOLOGY
Record year1871
summaryTurns comparative evolutionary questions and systematic knowledge into a teachable, translatable handbook end-state. The 1871 comparative-evolution degree study and 1879 systematic-botany handbook are combined as a non-ecological morphology–classification teaching family; it does not broadly claim all embryology papers.
Original Chinese · summary
把比较演化问题和系统知识转为可教学、被翻译的手册终态。 1871比较演化学位研究与1879系统植物学手册合为非生态的形态—分类教学族；不泛领所有胚胎学论文。
M rationaleLex explicitly records the degree study, handbook, and translations; take M5.2 for a botanical tool with an independent teaching vehicle; confidence in the materials is not directly discounted.
Original Chinese · M rationale
Lex明确记载学位研究、手册及翻译，按有独立教学载体的植物学工具取M5.2；资料置信度不直接折价。
attribution rationaleIndividual 0.36, team 0.10, prior tradition 0.24, institution 0.10, unresolved 0.20.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
个人0.36，团队0.10，前史0.24，机构0.10，未解析0.20。
overlap boundaryThe 1871 comparative-evolution degree study and 1879 systematic-botany handbook are combined as a non-ecological morphology–classification teaching family; it does not broadly claim all embryology papers.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1871比较演化学位研究与1879系统植物学手册合为非生态的形态—分类教学族；不泛领所有胚胎学论文。
Evidence gapsSpecific independent outcomes in plant anatomy and embryology have not yet been retrieved item by item; if a major methodological end-state exists, it requires separate review.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
植物解剖与胚胎学具体独立成果仍未逐项召回，若存在主要方法终态需另审。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.36Eugen WarmingOriginal Chinese · 欧根·瓦尔明Person
- 0.1CONTEMPORARY BOTANISTS, ILLUSTRATORS, AND EDITORS (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · CONTEMPORARY BOTANISTS ILLUSTRATORS AND EDITORS（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.24SYSTEMATIC BOTANY, MORPHOLOGY, AND EVOLUTIONARY PRIOR TRADITION (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · SYSTEMATIC BOTANY MORPHOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.1UNIVERSITY AND BOTANICAL COLLECTION INSTITUTIONS (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · UNIVERSITY AND BOTANICAL COLLECTION INSTITUTIONS（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.2UNRESOLVED WARMING SYSTEMATICS ATTRIBUTION (budget-listed role)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED WARMING SYSTEMATICS ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: lex.dk ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：lex.dk
BOUNDARIES NOT COUNTED
Not included in this score
These subjects are recorded as exclusions and are not silently treated as zero or as part of the included outcomes.
Later use and unresolved collaboration
后世使用和未闭合协作
Reason Personal participation or authorship cannot automatically establish all subsequent effects.
Original Chinese reason
不能从个人参与或署名自动推出全部后续效果。
How to read this score
Scores can change when evidence is reviewed. The method page explains how magnitude, attribution, and included results relate to the displayed score.
Read the method in English →