Aristotle

Record year400 BCE

summaryIntroduced a system of syllogistic and demonstrative reasoning; Platonic dialectic, students, and later commentary and transmission each had distinct roles.

M rationaleM7.0 is retained: deduction, necessary consequence, demonstration, and a system of reasoning form a foundational logical resource across generations, with a research object comparable to modern metatheory. The later compilation of the Organon concerns textual responsibility; the earlier scope boundary excluding all modern logic, mathematics, and everyday reasoning cannot be used to reduce it again.

attribution rationaleRevision: the former frozen allocation of 0.20 to generalized prehistory is withdrawn. Existing sources can identify Aristotle's systematic formation of syllogistic and demonstrative theory, and establish that the surviving logical works were later compiled as the Organon, but they do not trace a particular Platonic or Greek logical-prehistory action to this outcome and complete its cross-outcome consumption. The central responsibility supported by positive work evidence is therefore adjusted from 0.55 to 0.65; 0.10 for substantive co-formation and 0.03 for early content formation are retained, while the remaining 0.22 is combined as genuinely unresolved responsibility that can be reassigned. This is a labeled research judgment, not a return of all unknowns to the author.

overlap boundaryThe logical treatises are consumed once as one systematic outcome; the name Organon, its fixed arrangement, and Stoic and modern logical additions are excluded.

Evidence gapsThe textual layers, revisions, and attribution of particular doctrines in each logical treatise still require textual criticism. The concrete inputs from prehistory and the boundary of their consumption remain unresolved, so no share is yet assigned to any predecessor. The attribution gap in this round is that 0.22 may partly belong to Aristotle, discussions in the Academy, early textual layers, or as-yet unidentified argumentative prehistory; if a layer in a particular treatise or a specific predecessor's argument can be shown to enter the syllogistic/demonstrative system and not be consumed elsewhere, it should be transferred from this pool. The current 0.65 is not a historically measured originality rate.

Record yearc. 350 BCE

summaryIt organizes facts along multiple axes of animals' parts, activities, ways of life, and characteristics, then proceeds from differences and attributes to causal explanation; it covers the empirical materials and methods of comparative anatomy, development, and animal research, with erroneous observations and explanations treated as limits of the same outcome, while modern biological achievements are excluded.

M rationaleM6.2 is retained: large-scale empirical material, cross-species comparison, classification by multiple differences, and proceeding from facts to causes form a reusable research program; erroneous observations, teleological presuppositions, and limits of classification prevent M7, and modern biology is not included.

attribution rationaleAristotle .45; Lyceum co-research .18; knowledgeable practitioners .15; medical and natural-history prehistory .12; early substantive text formation .03; unresolved .07. Mere ancient editorial and transmission work is excluded, and informational input is not treated as personally owned.

overlap boundaryThe natural-philosophy item retains general methods of change and motion, and the metaphysics item retains the four causes; this item claims only animal materials, the comparative procedure, and biological explanation. The Lyceum organization item does not duplicate research content.

Evidence gapsErroneous observations, teleological constraints, authorial and assistant layers, and the authenticity of each animal-research text have not yet been examined treatise by treatise.

Record year400 BCE

summaryIt discusses why things are as they are through a framework of being, substance, and four causes; the title Metaphysics and the history of textual compilation must be distinguished from the thought's content.

M rationaleM6.0 is retained: being, substance, and multiple kinds of aitia form a general explanatory framework reusable across philosophy and natural inquiry; the modern concept of cause corresponds only partly to aitia, and later additions to metaphysics are excluded.

attribution rationaleRevision: the former anonymous frozen allocation of 0.25 to generalized 'Platonic and Greek prehistory' is no longer retained. The formation action identifiable in reproducible sources is this: earlier thinkers had asked about causes in natural phenomena; Aristotle systematically reviewed and criticized their having touched only certain causes in Metaphysics Book A, then formed the distinction and systematic relation of the four causes. Accordingly, 0.15 goes to the prehistory of specific causal/substance questions, 0.55 to Aristotle's systematic center, 0.12 to substantive Peripatetic co-formation, 0.04 to early content formation, and the remaining 0.14 is unresolved and available for reassignment.

overlap boundaryThe four causes are shared with natural philosophy and consumed only once in this item; all modern theories of causation are excluded.

Evidence gapsThe dates of compilation, title, revision layers, and modern translation of aitia still need calibration. The concrete inputs from prehistory and the boundary of their consumption remain unresolved, so no share is yet assigned to any predecessor. The attribution gap in this round is that Metaphysics was assembled by later editors from smaller texts, and the particular textual layers, revisions, and Academy participation remain undetermined; 0.14 may return to Aristotle, the Academy, or other prehistory. The 0.15 recognizes only identified causal questions and earlier views entering systematic criticism; it does not assign credit for every Platonic/Greek background contribution. Treatise-by-treatise citations and a cross-outcome consumption table are needed for further division.

Record year400 BCE

summaryIt discusses ethical questions systematically around happiness, virtue, and practical judgment; the texts are connected to later compilation and transmission.

M rationaleM5.7 is retained: happiness, virtue, voluntariness, friendship, pleasure, and practical judgment form a systematic ethical framework reusable across contexts; hierarchical social premises limit its general scope, and later achievements in virtue ethics are excluded.

attribution rationaleAristotle .48, prehistory .25, students'/colleagues' substantive argumentation .12, early content formation .03, unresolved .12. Mere preservation in notes, later commentary, and adoption are excluded from the formation budget; uncertainty about the revision relationship between the Eudemian and Nicomachean works remains in the unresolved pool.

overlap boundaryPlatonic ethics items, political normative design, and all later virtue ethics are not duplicated.

Evidence gapsThe order of composition, relationships of rewriting, editors' roles, and the scope of normative exclusions in the ethical works require textual criticism.

Record year350 BCE

summaryThis is limited to the contextual analysis in Books I and II of Rhetoric of character, emotion, argument, and the three kinds of speech; general syllogism and poetic narrative are no longer included. The compilation relation of Book III remains an evidence gap, and the date is only approximate.

M rationaleM5.0 is retained: the contextual analysis in Books I and II of character, emotion, argument, and the three kinds of speech forms a reusable method independent of formal deduction; it does not claim all practices of persuasion or later effects of transmission.

attribution rationaleThe current budget is retained: Aristotle .45, substantive text production .20, rhetorical prehistory .25, unresolved .10. The existing roles already correspond to formation actions; mere later adoption or transmitters are not included.

overlap boundaryGeneral syllogism belongs to the logic item and poetic narrative to the poetics item; the compilation relation of Book III remains an evidence gap.

Evidence gapsThe compilation relationship between Book III and Books I and II, the dates of particular texts, and participants' actions require closer examination.

Record year400 BCE

summaryIt analyzes literary activity through mimesis, tragedy, and poetic creation; the interpretation of katharsis has long been disputed.

M rationaleM5.0 is retained: it turns mimesis, tragic structure, and poetic activity into an analytical method reusable across works; textual incompleteness and the multiple meanings of katharsis limit the scope, and later drama, aesthetics, or therapeutic interpretations are not included.

attribution rationaleAristotle .50, poetic, dramatic, and philosophical prehistory .23, substantive Peripatetic co-formation .12, early content formation .03, unresolved/missing .12. Cross-linguistic transmission supports only continuing influence and receives no formation responsibility.

overlap boundaryRhetoric and general narrative are not duplicated; only the surviving analytical method of poetics is counted.

Evidence gapsThe surviving text is incomplete, and the meaning of katharsis and early textual layers remain undetermined.

Record year400 BCE

summaryIt analyzes change and motion in natural bodies through the relation between potentiality and actuality, distinguishing the roles of mover and moved. The general four-cause framework is counted separately in the metaphysics outcome.

M rationaleM4.5 is retained: systematized requirements for natural change and explanation have historical and conceptual reuse value; erroneous theories of motion and the cosmos, and teleology's obstruction of empirical testing, are major internal limits of the outcome, while modern valid results in physics are excluded.

attribution rationaleAristotle .43, natural-philosophy prehistory .27, substantive Lyceum co-formation .14, early content formation .04, unresolved .12. Ancient and medieval transmission is excluded from the formation budget.

overlap boundaryThe four causes are consumed once in the metaphysics item; biological materials and the comparative procedure belong to the biology item.

Evidence gapsUsable methods, falsified propositions, and student/editor formation layers still need to be distinguished chapter by chapter.

Record year400 BCE

summaryIt discusses political theory of the polis, constitutions, and the common good; Lyceum students, constitutional materials, and transmitters together form its intellectual background.

M rationaleM4.3 is retained: comparison of constitutions, common life, the common good, and the ethics-politics connection have general analytical value; natural slavery and women's subordination are direct and serious internal defects of the theory, limiting its beneficiary scope and supporting relations of domination, while later republicanism and state institutions are excluded.

attribution rationaleAristotle .39, political prehistory .24, Lyceum formation of materials .17, observed communities as informational input .05, early content formation .03, unresolved .12. Mere textual commentary and transmission are excluded from the formation budget.

overlap boundaryThe Constitution of the Athenians produced by students is not directly attributed to the individual; ethics' general theory of virtue and the Lyceum's organizational services are listed separately.

Evidence gapsNormative claims, empirical constitutional materials, and student compilation layers need to be distinguished treatise by treatise, and the net scope of passages on slavery and women's subordination must be reviewed.

Record year335 BCE

summaryA community of research, teaching, and text production formed at the Lyceum, involving Theophrastus, colleagues, listeners, and recorders.

M rationaleM4.0 is retained: the Lyceum around 335 to 322 BCE provided identifiable community services for research, teaching, and text production; members' research, library traditions, later leadership, and the entire later corpus are excluded.

attribution rationaleThe object is an organizational service, so Aristotle receives .28, early colleagues .24, actual service participants .22, Academy prehistory .12, material and administrative support .04, and unresolved .10. Later editing and transmission are excluded from the formation budget.

overlap boundaryResearch content in logic, biology, ethics, and other fields belongs to its respective outcome; this item claims only community organization and services and does not duplicate members' outcomes.

Evidence gapsSpecific courses, admissions and membership scope, resource measures, operation of the site, and Aristotle's individual governance actions are missing.