Displayed to two decimal places.
PERSON · STARLIGHT
Edith Abbott
Recorded name: 伊迪丝·阿博特
Edith Abbott was an American social researcher and social work educator, involved with the University of Chicago School of Social Service Administration and the Social Service Review.
Original Chinese introduction
伊迪丝·阿博特是美国社会研究者和社会工作教育者，参与芝加哥大学社会服务学院及《Social Service Review》。
She combined social surveys, social policy writing, and graduate professional education, with work connected to Sophonisba Breckinridge, Grace Abbott, and colleagues at the school.
Original Chinese context
她将社会调查、社会政策写作和研究生专业教育结合，工作与索福尼斯·布瑞金里奇、格蕾丝·阿博特及学院同事相连。
Introduction sources
- Source: www.lib.uchicago.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：www.lib.uchicago.edu
Derived from the current score.
Contribution groups assessed so far; coverage is still being expanded.
ASSESSMENT SCOPEWhat this score covers
All included contribution titles and notes are available in English. The complete original text remains available in Chinese; both editions use the same scores and source links.
Uncovered contributions and unresolved harms are not treated as zero. This is not a complete assessment of a lifetime.
5 included contributions have incomplete evidence; the relevant gap appears with that contribution.
Original scope note
This research record currently includes 5 outcomes within a limited scope; M and attribution shares are revisable judgments. Uncovered content and negative effects not yet clarified are not treated as zero; specific gaps appear in the item-by-item explanations.
Original Chinese scope
本轮当前已列5项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。
CALCULATIONHow the score is calculated
Q = 10^(M/2) − 1; Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ; L = Σ Lᵢ; S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L).
M is an outcome’s assessed magnitude and a is the person’s allocated share. A standalone score is only a per-item reference; the attributed light from distinct contributions is what can be combined.
SCORE DETAILS
5 evaluated contributions
M is the assessed magnitude of an outcome; attribution is the person’s share of credit. Attributed light can be added. The standalone score is only a per-item reference and must not be added across rows.
Scroll sideways for scores and attribution.
| Outcome | M | Attribution share | Attributed light | Standalone score | Share of total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01Professional education system of the Graduate School of Social Service Administration社会服务管理研究生院的专业教育制度OUT-SL3381-1920-1942-GRADUATE-SOCIAL-WORK-EDUCATION · 1920 | 5.9 | 25% | 222.562735 | 4.70 | 25.8832% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 02Economic-historical research on women's labor in 'Women in Industry'《Women in Industry》的女性劳动经济史研究OUT-SL3381-1910-WOMEN-IN-INDUSTRY-ECONOMIC-HISTORY · 1910 | 5.4 | 43% | 215.080510 | 4.67 | 25.0130% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 03Chicago social-survey work family on housing, juvenile justice, and truancy住房、少年司法与失学的芝加哥社会调查著作族OUT-SL3381-1910-1917-URBAN-SOCIAL-SURVEYS · 1910 | 5.7 | 25% | 176.736446 | 4.50 | 20.5537% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 04Research, teaching, and policy knowledge services on public assistance and social security公共救助与社会保障的研究、教学和政策知识服务OUT-SL3381-1930-1946-PUBLIC-ASSISTANCE-SOCIAL-SECURITY-KNOWLEDGE · 1930 | 5.5 | 31% | 174.015811 | 4.49 | 20.2373% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 05Research-editing infrastructure for 'Social Service Review'《Social Service Review》的研究编辑基础设施OUT-SL3381-1927-1953-SOCIAL-SERVICE-REVIEW · 1927 | 5.2 | 18% | 71.479291 | 3.72 | 8.3128% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
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NOTES AND SOURCES
Contribution notes and source links
English translations of the included notes appear below, with their Chinese originals available for comparison.
01Professional education system of the Graduate School of Social Service Administration社会服务管理研究生院的专业教育制度OUT-SL3381-1920-1942-GRADUATE-SOCIAL-WORK-EDUCATION
Record year1920
Original Chinese · record year
1920
summaryInsisted on autonomy for the school of social work and combined theory, social investigation, law, administration, and supervised practice into a professional training system. From its incorporation into the university in 1920 to 1942, graduate professional education centered on the integration of social research, law and administration courses, casework, and field practice; the dean's title itself is not counted.
Original Chinese · summary
坚持社会工作学校自治，并把理论、社会调查、法律、行政与受督导实践组合成专业训练体系。 1920并入大学后至1942年间，以社会研究、法律/行政课程、案例与现场实践结合为核心的研究生专业教育；院长头衔本身不计分。
M rationaleUniversity of Chicago history explicitly documents Abbott and Breckinridge's effort to secure an independent professional school, its curriculum, and the integration of research and practice; M5.9 is assigned for the actual institutional contribution.
Original Chinese · M rationale
芝加哥大学校史明确Abbott/Breckinridge争取独立专业学校、课程内容及研究—实践结合，按实际制度交付取M5.9。
attribution rationaleAbbott 0.25, Breckinridge 0.24, faculty team 0.20, antecedents 0.11, university and school 0.11, unresolved 0.09.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Abbott 0.25，Breckinridge 0.24，教师团队0.20，前史0.11，大学/学校0.11，未解析0.09。
overlap boundaryFrom its incorporation into the university in 1920 to 1942, it was graduate professional education centered on the integration of social research, law/administration courses, casework, and field practice; the title of dean itself was not counted.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1920并入大学后至1942年间，以社会研究、法律/行政课程、案例与现场实践结合为核心的研究生专业教育；院长头衔本身不计分。
Evidence gapsSchool administrative records need to detail Abbott/Breckinridge and faculty responsibilities by course and year.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需院务记录按课程和年份细化Abbott/Breckinridge及教师责任。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.25Edith AbbottOriginal Chinese · 伊迪丝·阿博特Person
- 0.24Sophonisba BreckinridgeOriginal Chinese · 索芬妮斯巴·布雷金里奇Person
- 0.2SSA FACULTY FIELD SUPERVISORS AND ADMINISTRATIVE TEAM (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · SSA FACULTY FIELD SUPERVISORS AND ADMINISTRATIVE TEAM（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.11SOCIAL WORK SETTLEMENT AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION ANTECEDENTS (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · SOCIAL WORK SETTLEMENT AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.11UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO AND SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SERVICE ADMINISTRATION (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO AND SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SERVICE ADMINISTRATION（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.09UNRESOLVED SSA EDUCATION ATTRIBUTION (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED SSA EDUCATION ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: www.lib.uchicago.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：www.lib.uchicago.edu
02Economic-historical research on women's labor in 'Women in Industry'《Women in Industry》的女性劳动经济史研究OUT-SL3381-1910-WOMEN-IN-INDUSTRY-ECONOMIC-HISTORY
Record year1910
summaryUses historical materials to rebut accounts that women's economic activity was temporary or marginal, and reveals differences in rights among classes. The 1910 'Women in Industry' offers a statistical-historical argument about American women's long-term economic participation, class differences, and labor history; it does not claim all women's labor reform.
Original Chinese · summary
以历史资料反驳女性经济活动属暂时或边缘现象的叙述，并揭示不同阶层权利差异。 1910《Women in Industry》对美国女性长期经济参与、阶层差异和劳动史的统计—历史论证；不领取全部女性劳工改革。
M rationaleUniversity of Nebraska materials state the book's core findings, and a bibliography page confirms the 1910, 408-page monograph; M5.4 is assigned for an independent statistical economic-history contribution.
Original Chinese · M rationale
University of Nebraska材料明确书的核心发现，书目页确认1910年408页专著，按独立统计经济史终态取M5.4。
attribution rationaleAbbott 0.43, antecedents 0.18, investigation team 0.13, reform network 0.08, institutions 0.07, unresolved 0.11.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Abbott 0.43，前史0.18，调查团队0.13，改革网络0.08，机构0.07，未解析0.11。
overlap boundaryThe 1910 "Women in Industry" statistical-historical argument on American women's long-term economic participation, class differences, and labor history; does not claim all women's labor reform.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1910《Women in Industry》对美国女性长期经济参与、阶层差异和劳动史的统计—历史论证；不领取全部女性劳工改革。
Evidence gapsRequires checking the original book's methods chapter for data sources, samples, and specific investigators.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需原书方法章核对数据来源、样本与具体调查者。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.43Edith AbbottOriginal Chinese · 伊迪丝·阿博特Person
- 0.18WOMEN'S LABOR HISTORY, STATISTICS, AND REFORM ANTECEDENTS (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · WOMENS LABOR HISTORY STATISTICAL AND REFORM PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.13FEDERAL AND LOCAL LABOR INVESTIGATION RESEARCH TEAM (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · FEDERAL AND LOCAL LABOR INVESTIGATION RESEARCH TEAM（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.08HULL HOUSE AND WOMENS REFORM RESEARCH NETWORK (role specified in budget)Original Chinese · HULL HOUSE AND WOMENS REFORM RESEARCH NETWORK（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.07UNIVERSITY PUBLISHER AND ARCHIVAL INSTITUTIONS (role specified in budget)Original Chinese · UNIVERSITY PUBLISHER AND ARCHIVAL INSTITUTIONS（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.11UNRESOLVED WOMEN IN INDUSTRY ATTRIBUTION (role specified in budget)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED WOMEN IN INDUSTRY ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: www.lib.uchicago.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：www.lib.uchicago.edu
03Chicago social-survey work family on housing, juvenile justice, and truancy住房、少年司法与失学的芝加哥社会调查著作族OUT-SL3381-1910-1917-URBAN-SOCIAL-SURVEYS
Record year1910
summaryLinks housing, family, juvenile justice, compulsory education, and child-labor law in an institutional analysis based on administrative materials and field investigation. 'The Housing Problem in Chicago', 'The Delinquent Child and the Home', and 'Truancy and Non-Attendance' are treated together as a family of urban institutional social surveys, merged by common methods and team across problem domains rather than assigned a separate M for every title.
Original Chinese · summary
把住房、家庭、少年司法、强制教育与童工法律联结为基于行政资料和现场调查的制度分析。 《The Housing Problem in Chicago》《The Delinquent Child and the Home》《Truancy and Non-Attendance》合为城市制度性社会调查族；按问题域共同方法与团队合并，不按书名复制M。
M rationaleUniversity of Nebraska material and a 1917 bibliography identify the joint Abbott–Breckinridge investigation and its scope across truancy, child labor, housing, and juvenile justice; M5.7 is assigned for a multi-domain empirical work family.
Original Chinese · M rationale
University of Nebraska与1917书目明确Abbott/Breckinridge共同调查及失学、童工、住房和少年司法范围，按多领域实证著作族取M5.7。
attribution rationaleAbbott 0.25, Breckinridge 0.27, survey team 0.15, antecedents 0.12, institutions 0.09, publication 0.04, unresolved 0.08.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Abbott 0.25，Breckinridge 0.27，调查团队0.15，前史0.12，机构0.09，出版0.04，未解析0.08。
overlap boundary'The Housing Problem in Chicago', 'The Delinquent Child and the Home', and 'Truancy and Non-Attendance' are treated together as a family of urban institutional social surveys, merged by common methods and team across problem domains rather than assigned a separate M for every title.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
《The Housing Problem in Chicago》《The Delinquent Child and the Home》《Truancy and Non-Attendance》合为城市制度性社会调查族；按问题域共同方法与团队合并，不按书名复制M。
Evidence gapsThe preface and methods appendices of each book are needed to verify chapters, investigators, sample ethics, and source materials.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需逐书前言和方法附录核对章节、调查员、样本伦理与资料来源。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.25Edith AbbottOriginal Chinese · 伊迪丝·阿博特Person
- 0.27Sophonisba BreckinridgeOriginal Chinese · 索芬妮斯巴·布雷金里奇Person
- 0.15CHICAGO SOCIAL INVESTIGATORS STUDENTS AND DATA CODERS (role specified in budget)Original Chinese · CHICAGO SOCIAL INVESTIGATORS STUDENTS AND DATA CODERS（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.12HULL HOUSE, JUVENILE COURT, AND SETTLEMENT RESEARCH ANTECEDENTS (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · HULL HOUSE JUVENILE COURT AND SETTLEMENT RESEARCH PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.09UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO RUSSELL SAGE AND CIVICS SCHOOL (role specified in budget)Original Chinese · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO RUSSELL SAGE AND CIVICS SCHOOL（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.04CONTEMPORARY EDITORS AND PUBLICATION TEAM (budget lists roles)Original Chinese · CONTEMPORARY EDITORS AND PUBLICATION TEAM（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.08UNRESOLVED ABBOTT BRECKINRIDGE SURVEY ATTRIBUTION (budget lists roles)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED ABBOTT BRECKINRIDGE SURVEY ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: www.lib.uchicago.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：www.lib.uchicago.edu
04Research, teaching, and policy knowledge services on public assistance and social security公共救助与社会保障的研究、教学和政策知识服务OUT-SL3381-1930-1946-PUBLIC-ASSISTANCE-SOCIAL-SECURITY-KNOWLEDGE
Record year1930
summaryOrganizes long-term administrative research and teaching into a systematic analysis of public-assistance principles, policy, and implementation issues, and contributes limited policy knowledge transfer. 'Public Assistance—American Principles and Policies' and related research and teaching provide knowledge services on assistance principles, administration, and social-security legislation; they do not claim all policy outcomes of the Social Security Act or the New Deal.
Original Chinese · summary
把长期行政研究和教学整理为公共救助原则、政策与实施问题的系统分析，并参与有限政策知识传递。 《Public Assistance—American Principles and Policies》及相关研究教学对救助原则、行政和社会保障立法的知识服务；不领取Social Security Act或New Deal全部政策结果。
M rationaleThe University of Chicago Crown School history describes her greatest public-policy contribution as being in social-security legislation and states that the book arose from years of research and teaching; M5.5 is assigned for bounded knowledge and advisory services, without attributing legislation to her personally.
Original Chinese · M rationale
芝加哥Crown School校史称其最大公共政策贡献在社会保障立法并明确该书源于多年研究教学；按有界知识与咨询服务取M5.5，不把立法归个人。
attribution rationaleAbbott 0.31, collaborators 0.14, research team 0.14, antecedents 0.17, institutions 0.09, unresolved 0.15.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Abbott 0.31，协作者0.14，研究团队0.14，前史0.17，机构0.09，未解析0.15。
overlap boundary'Public Assistance—American Principles and Policies' and related research and teaching provide knowledge services on assistance principles, administration, and social-security legislation; they do not claim all policy outcomes of the Social Security Act or the New Deal.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
《Public Assistance—American Principles and Policies》及相关研究教学对救助原则、行政和社会保障立法的知识服务；不领取Social Security Act或New Deal全部政策结果。
Evidence gapsNeed the original book's table of contents, legislative hearings, and correspondence to verify her input on specific social security provisions.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需原书目录、立法听证和通信核定她对具体社会保障条款的输入。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.31Edith AbbottOriginal Chinese · 伊迪丝·阿博特Person
- 0.14GRACE ABBOTT AND PUBLIC WELFARE POLICY COLLABORATORS (budget lists roles)Original Chinese · GRACE ABBOTT AND PUBLIC WELFARE POLICY COLLABORATORS（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.14SSA STUDENTS RESEARCHERS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DATA TEAM (budget lists roles)Original Chinese · SSA STUDENTS RESEARCHERS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DATA TEAM（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.17POOR LAW, SOCIAL INSURANCE, AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ANTECEDENTS (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · POOR LAW SOCIAL INSURANCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.09UNIVERSITY GOVERNMENT AND PUBLISHING INSTITUTIONS (budget lists roles)Original Chinese · UNIVERSITY GOVERNMENT AND PUBLISHING INSTITUTIONS（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.15UNRESOLVED ABBOTT PUBLIC ASSISTANCE ATTRIBUTION (budget-specified role)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED ABBOTT PUBLIC ASSISTANCE ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: www.lib.uchicago.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：www.lib.uchicago.edu
05Research-editing infrastructure for 'Social Service Review'《Social Service Review》的研究编辑基础设施OUT-SL3381-1927-1953-SOCIAL-SERVICE-REVIEW
Record year1927
Original Chinese · record year
1927
summaryEstablishes a continuous academic-journal vehicle connecting social surveys, public-welfare administration, and professional training. It covers the founding of 'Social Service Review' after 1927 and documented co-editorial service; only the vehicle for knowledge selection, publication, and professional discussion is counted, without attributing the full value of authors' articles to the editors.
Original Chinese · summary
建立连接社会调查、公共福利行政和专业训练的连续学术期刊载体。 1927后《Social Service Review》的创刊和有据共同编辑服务；只计知识筛选、发表和专业讨论载体，不把作者论文价值全归编辑。
M rationaleSchool archives explicitly document Breckinridge, Edith Abbott, and Grace Abbott as co-editors; M5.2 is assigned for the specific sustained knowledge infrastructure.
Original Chinese · M rationale
学校档案明确Breckinridge、Edith Abbott和Grace Abbott共同编辑，按具体持续知识基础设施取M5.2。
attribution rationaleEdith 0.18, Breckinridge 0.17, Grace 0.12, author and reviewer team 0.27, antecedents 0.09, university press 0.09, unresolved 0.08.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Edith 0.18，Breckinridge 0.17，Grace 0.12，作者/评审团队0.27，前史0.09，大学出版社0.09，未解析0.08。
overlap boundaryIt covers the founding of 'Social Service Review' after 1927 and documented co-editorial service; only the vehicle for knowledge selection, publication, and professional discussion is counted, without attributing the full value of authors' articles to the editors.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1927后《Social Service Review》的创刊和有据共同编辑服务；只计知识筛选、发表和专业讨论载体，不把作者论文价值全归编辑。
Evidence gapsSpecific founding responsibilities, terms of office, and per-issue editorial divisions require journal archives.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
创刊具体责任、任期和逐期编辑分工需刊物档案。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.18Edith AbbottOriginal Chinese · 伊迪丝·阿博特Person
- 0.17Sophonisba BreckinridgeOriginal Chinese · 索芬妮斯巴·布雷金里奇Person
- 0.12Grace AbbottOriginal Chinese · 格雷斯·阿博特Person
- 0.27JOURNAL AUTHORS REVIEWERS EDITORS AND PRODUCTION TEAM (budget-specified role)Original Chinese · JOURNAL AUTHORS REVIEWERS EDITORS AND PRODUCTION TEAM（预算列明角色）Team
- 0.09SOCIAL WORK JOURNAL AND PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATION ANTECEDENTS (budget-listed roles)Original Chinese · SOCIAL WORK JOURNAL AND PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATION PREHISTORY（预算列明角色）Predecessor pool
- 0.09UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO AND PRESS (budget-specified role)Original Chinese · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO AND PRESS（预算列明角色）Institution
- 0.08UNRESOLVED SOCIAL SERVICE REVIEW ATTRIBUTION (budget-specified role)Original Chinese · UNRESOLVED SOCIAL SERVICE REVIEW ATTRIBUTION（预算列明角色）Unallocated
Source links
- Source: www.lib.uchicago.edu ↗Original Chinese label · 来源：www.lib.uchicago.edu
BOUNDARIES NOT COUNTED
Not included in this score
These subjects are recorded as exclusions and are not silently treated as zero or as part of the included outcomes.
EDITH-ABBOTT-OTHER-ORGANIZATION-MEMBERSHIPS
Reason Archives list numerous organizational interests, but membership does not equal an independent contribution, and titles are not scored.
Original Chinese reason
档案列出大量组织兴趣，但成员身份不等于独立交付，未按头衔计分。
EDITH-ABBOTT-PRISON-AND-COUNTY-JAIL-RESEARCH
Reason Sources confirm research interests and materials, but this round has not yet determined whether they amount to an independent major completed contribution beyond the urban social-survey work family.
Original Chinese reason
来源确认研究兴趣和材料，但本轮尚未界定是否超出城市社会调查族的独立主要终态。
How to read this score
Scores can change when evidence is reviewed. The method page explains how magnitude, attribution, and included results relate to the displayed score.
Read the method in English →