Displayed to two decimal places.
PERSON · STARLIGHT
Lincoln Ellsworth
Recorded name: 林肯·埃尔斯沃思
Lincoln Ellsworth was an American polar explorer and expedition organiser. He participated in the 1926 Norge Arctic aerial expedition and completed a trans-Antarctic flight with Herbert Hollick-Kenyon in 1935.
Original Chinese introduction
林肯·埃尔斯沃思是美国极地探险家和远征组织者，参与1926年Norge北极航空远征，并在1935年与赫伯特·霍利克-肯扬完成横越南极的飞行。
The Norge expedition combined an airship, navigation, and an international team: the 1925 attempt did not reach the North Pole, while the crossing was completed in 1926. The 1935 flight was completed after preparation through repeated failures, and its route was jointly recorded in logs by the two aviators.
Original Chinese context
Norge远征结合飞艇、导航和跨国团队，1925年的尝试未达北极而1926年完成跨越；1935年飞行在多次失败准备后完成，其航线由两位飞行者共同记录在日志中。
Introduction sources
- Smithsonian Libraries and Archives: Lincoln Ellsworth ↗Original Chinese label · 史密森尼图书馆与档案馆：Lincoln Ellsworth
- American Museum of Natural History archives: Lincoln Ellsworth biographical record ↗Original Chinese label · 美国自然历史博物馆档案：Lincoln Ellsworth人物记录
- American Geographical Society archives: 1935 trans-Antarctic flight logs and diaries ↗Original Chinese label · 美国地理学会档案：1935年跨南极飞行日志与日记
- American Museum of Natural History archives: 1935 trans-Antarctic flight logs ↗Original Chinese label · 美国自然历史博物馆档案：1935年跨南极飞行日志
Derived from the current score.
Contribution groups assessed so far; coverage is still being expanded.
ASSESSMENT SCOPEWhat this score covers
All included contribution titles and notes are available in English. The complete original text remains available in Chinese; both editions use the same scores and source links.
Uncovered contributions and unresolved harms are not treated as zero. This is not a complete assessment of a lifetime.
3 included contributions have incomplete evidence; the relevant gap appears with that contribution.
Original scope note
This research record currently includes 3 outcomes within a limited scope; M and attribution shares are revisable judgments. Uncovered content and negative effects not yet clarified are not treated as zero; specific gaps appear in the item-by-item explanations.
Original Chinese scope
本轮当前已列3项有限研究账；M与归功份额为可修订判断。未覆盖内容和未核清的负面作用不按零处理，具体缺口见逐项说明。
CALCULATIONHow the score is calculated
Q = 10^(M/2) − 1; Lᵢ = aᵢ × Qᵢ; L = Σ Lᵢ; S = 2 × log₁₀(1 + L).
M is an outcome’s assessed magnitude and a is the person’s allocated share. A standalone score is only a per-item reference; the attributed light from distinct contributions is what can be combined.
SCORE DETAILS
3 evaluated contributions
M is the assessed magnitude of an outcome; attribution is the person’s share of credit. Attributed light can be added. The standalone score is only a per-item reference and must not be added across rows.
Scroll sideways for scores and attribution.
| Outcome | M | Attribution share | Attributed light | Standalone score | Share of total | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01Multiple attempts in 1933–1935, trans-Antarctic flight logs, and the outcome of geographical observations1933–1935多次尝试、横越南极飞行日志与地理观察终态OUT-SL3722-1933-1935-TRANSANTARCTIC-FLIGHT-LOG-GEOGRAPHIC-OBSERVATION · 1933–1935 | 5.6 | 18% | 113.392322 | 4.12 | 60.8839% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 02The delivery chain from the unsuccessful 1925 attempt to the 1926 Norge Arctic aerial expedition1925未达尝试至1926 Norge北极航空远征交付链OUT-SL3722-1925-1926-AMUNDSEN-ELLSWORTH-NOBILE-ARCTIC-AIRSHIP-EXPEDITION · 1925–1926 | 5.2 | 12% | 47.652860 | 3.37 | 25.5863% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
| 03Residual delivery of the 1939 Antarctic aerial route and observations1939年南极航空路线与观察交付残余OUT-SL3722-1939-ANTARCTIC-AERIAL-RECONNAISSANCE-DELIVERY · 1939 | 4.4 | 16% | 25.198291 | 2.84 | 13.5298% | Provisional estimate · incomplete evidence |
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NOTES AND SOURCES
Contribution notes and source links
English translations of the included notes appear below, with their Chinese originals available for comparison.
01Multiple attempts in 1933–1935, trans-Antarctic flight logs, and the outcome of geographical observations1933–1935多次尝试、横越南极飞行日志与地理观察终态OUT-SL3722-1933-1935-TRANSANTARCTIC-FLIGHT-LOG-GEOGRAPHIC-OBSERVATION
Record year1933–1935
summaryAfter repeated failures, the crossing flight was completed, using joint logs to record the route and leaving new, reviewable geographical observations for previously blank areas of the map. The unsuccessful 1933–34 attempts are inputs to the development chain; the 1935 trans-Antarctic flight, joint Ellsworth and Hollick-Kenyon logs, and geographical records along the route are included; prior maps, subsequent cartographic interpretation, territorial claims, and all Antarctic science are excluded.
Original Chinese · summary
经过多次失败后完成横越飞行，以共同日志记录航线并为此前地图空白区域留下新的可复查地理观察。 1933–34未成功尝试作为开发链输入，1935年横越南极飞行、Ellsworth与Hollick-Kenyon共同日志及沿线地理记录；此前地图、后续制图解释、领土主张和全部南极科学排除。
M rationaleThe completed trans-Antarctic flight, contemporaneous joint logs, and specific geographical records constitute an engineering-knowledge composite outcome, assigned M5.6; the naming of a 'discovery' or the whole of Antarctic knowledge is not included.
Original Chinese · M rationale
完成的跨南极飞行、同时期共同日志和具体地理记录构成工程—知识复合终态，取M5.6；不把‘发现’命名或整个南极知识归入。
attribution rationaleEllsworth 0.18; Hollick-Kenyon 0.22; expedition team 0.18; prior work 0.14; institutions 0.12; unresolved 0.16.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Ellsworth 0.18；Hollick-Kenyon 0.22；远征团队0.18；前史0.14；机构0.12；未解析0.16。
overlap boundaryThe unsuccessful 1933–34 attempts are inputs to the development chain; the 1935 trans-Antarctic flight, joint Ellsworth and Hollick-Kenyon logs, and geographical records along the route are included; prior maps, subsequent cartographic interpretation, territorial claims, and all Antarctic science are excluded.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1933–34未成功尝试作为开发链输入，1935年横越南极飞行、Ellsworth与Hollick-Kenyon共同日志及沿线地理记录；此前地图、后续制图解释、领土主张和全部南极科学排除。
Evidence gapsThe full logs, flight tracks, photography, and map outputs need checking to establish the actual scientific increment. Contracts, ship, and ground-support archives are needed to disaggregate resources and responsibilities across the multiple attempts.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需日志全文、飞行航迹、摄影与地图成果核对实际科学增量。；需合同、船舶和地勤档案细分多次尝试的资源与责任。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.18Lincoln EllsworthOriginal Chinese · 林肯·埃尔斯沃思Person
- 0.22Herbert Hollick-Kenyon (1935 pilot and joint-log author)Original Chinese · 赫伯特·霍利克-肯扬（1935年飞行员与共同日志作者）Person
- 0.18Ellsworth Antarctic expedition pilots, mechanics, radio, meteorological, and support teamOriginal Chinese · 埃尔斯沃思南极远征飞行员、机械、无线电、气象与支持团队Team
- 0.14Prior work in Antarctic exploration, aerial surveying, navigation, and cartographyOriginal Chinese · 南极探索、航空测绘、导航与制图前驱Predecessor pool
- 0.12American Museum of Natural History, American Geographical Society, sponsors, ships, bases, and expedition institutionsOriginal Chinese · 美国自然历史博物馆、美国地理学会、赞助者、船只、基地与远征机构Institution
- 0.16Unverified pool for attribution of the 1935 expedition flight, logs, and observationsOriginal Chinese · 1935年远征飞行、日志与观察归属待核池Unallocated
Source links
- American Geographical Society archives: 1935 trans-Antarctic flight logs and diaries ↗Original Chinese label · 美国地理学会档案：1935年跨南极飞行日志与日记
- American Museum of Natural History archives: 1935 trans-Antarctic flight logs ↗Original Chinese label · 美国自然历史博物馆档案：1935年跨南极飞行日志
02The delivery chain from the unsuccessful 1925 attempt to the 1926 Norge Arctic aerial expedition1925未达尝试至1926 Norge北极航空远征交付链OUT-SL3722-1925-1926-AMUNDSEN-ELLSWORTH-NOBILE-ARCTIC-AIRSHIP-EXPEDITION
Record year1925–1926
summaryIt organised an airship, an international team, bases, and navigation into an aerial-expedition chain that completed an Arctic crossing and left reviewable mission records. The 1925 attempt that did not reach the Pole is included as a development and risk input, as is the actual Arctic-flight outcome of the 1926 Amundsen–Ellsworth–Nobile Norge expedition; North Pole 'discovery' narratives, subsequent flights, the territorial claims of all countries, and all polar knowledge are excluded.
Original Chinese · summary
把飞艇、跨国团队、基地与导航组织成一条完成北极跨越的航空远征链，并留下可复查的任务记录。 1925未达极点尝试作为开发和风险输入，以及1926年Amundsen–Ellsworth–Nobile Norge远征的实际北极飞行终态；北极‘发现’叙事、后续飞行、各国领土主张及全部极地知识排除。
M rationaleThe completed trans-Arctic aerial outcome in 1926, together with development input supplied by the 1925 failure, is assigned M5.2; failed inputs are not separately counted as positive contributions.
Original Chinese · M rationale
1926年有实际完成的跨北极航空终态，结合1925失败所提供的开发输入取M5.2；失败投入不单独计正贡献。
attribution rationaleEllsworth 0.12; Amundsen 0.18; Nobile 0.18; crew 0.18; prior work 0.15; institutions 0.10; unresolved 0.09.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Ellsworth 0.12；Amundsen 0.18；Nobile 0.18；机组0.18；前史0.15；机构0.10；未解析0.09。
overlap boundaryThe 1925 attempt that did not reach the Pole is included as a development and risk input, as is the actual Arctic-flight outcome of the 1926 Amundsen–Ellsworth–Nobile Norge expedition; North Pole 'discovery' narratives, subsequent flights, the territorial claims of all countries, and all polar knowledge are excluded.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1925未达极点尝试作为开发和风险输入，以及1926年Amundsen–Ellsworth–Nobile Norge远征的实际北极飞行终态；北极‘发现’叙事、后续飞行、各国领土主张及全部极地知识排除。
Evidence gapsFlight logs, airship engineering archives, and financial contracts are needed to disaggregate organising, piloting, navigation, and scientific observation.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需飞行日志、飞艇工程档案和财务合同细分组织、驾驶、导航与科学观察。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.12Lincoln EllsworthOriginal Chinese · 林肯·埃尔斯沃思Person
- 0.18Roald AmundsenOriginal Chinese · 罗尔德·阿蒙森Person
- 0.18Umberto NobileOriginal Chinese · 翁贝托·诺比莱Person
- 0.18Norge airship crew, navigators, mechanics, meteorologists, and support teamOriginal Chinese · Norge飞艇乘员、导航员、机械师、气象员与支持团队Team
- 0.15Prior work in polar exploration, airships, navigation, and Arctic knowledgeOriginal Chinese · 极地探索、飞艇、导航与北极知识前驱Predecessor pool
- 0.1Norwegian, Italian, and American sponsors, airship, and polar institutionsOriginal Chinese · 挪威、意大利和美国赞助者、飞艇与极地机构Institution
- 0.09Unverified pool for attribution of Norge expedition organisation, navigation, and technologyOriginal Chinese · Norge远征组织、导航与技术归属待核池Unallocated
Source links
- Smithsonian Libraries and Archives: Lincoln Ellsworth ↗Original Chinese label · 史密森尼图书馆与档案馆：Lincoln Ellsworth
- American Museum of Natural History archives: Lincoln Ellsworth biographical record ↗Original Chinese label · 美国自然历史博物馆档案：Lincoln Ellsworth人物记录
03Residual delivery of the 1939 Antarctic aerial route and observations1939年南极航空路线与观察交付残余OUT-SL3722-1939-ANTARCTIC-AERIAL-RECONNAISSANCE-DELIVERY
Record year1939
summaryOn the basis of existing routes and technology, it completed another locatable flight and left observation records usable thereafter. The residual of evidenced route, observations, and archival delivery in the 1939 Antarctic flight is counted; the 1935 crossing outcome, all Antarctic surveying, the political value of United States territorial claims, and subsequent sovereignty handling are excluded.
Original Chinese · summary
在既有路线和技术上完成又一次可定位飞行并留下后续可用观察记录。 1939年南极飞行中有据路线、观察和档案交付残余；1935横越成果、整个南极测绘、美国领土主张的政治价值及后续主权处理排除。
M rationaleAMNH archives confirm the 1939 flight, but the existing evidence is coarse about its independent scientific scope; M4.4 is provisionally assigned as a residual of the delivered flight and observations. Evidence gaps are recorded in the interval rather than disguised as a value discount.
Original Chinese · M rationale
AMNH档案确认1939飞行，但现有证据对独立科学范围较粗，作为已交付航行与观察残余暂估M4.4；资料缺口写入区间，不被伪装成价值折扣。
attribution rationaleEllsworth 0.16; flight team 0.30; prior work 0.18; institutions 0.12; unresolved 0.24.
Original Chinese · attribution rationale
Ellsworth 0.16；飞行团队0.30；前史0.18；机构0.12；未解析0.24。
overlap boundaryThe residual of evidenced route, observations, and archival delivery in the 1939 Antarctic flight is counted; the 1935 crossing outcome, all Antarctic surveying, the political value of United States territorial claims, and subsequent sovereignty handling are excluded.
Original Chinese · overlap boundary
1939年南极飞行中有据路线、观察和档案交付残余；1935横越成果、整个南极测绘、美国领土主张的政治价值及后续主权处理排除。
Evidence gapsThe 1939 logs, flight tracks, and mission instructions are needed to show that scientific observations can be separated from territorial claims. Archives naming pilots, team members, and government decisions are also needed.
Original Chinese · evidence gaps
需1939日志、航迹和任务指令证明科学观察可与领土主张分离。；需具名飞行员、团队和政府决策档案。
Full attribution budget
Every recorded actor remains visible. Share (0–1) retains the ledger’s exact decimal value.
- 0.16Lincoln EllsworthOriginal Chinese · 林肯·埃尔斯沃思Person
- 0.31939 pilots, navigators, mechanics, radio, and support teamOriginal Chinese · 1939年飞行员、导航员、机械师、无线电与支持团队Team
- 0.18Prior work in Antarctic aerial routes, surveying, meteorology, and cartographyOriginal Chinese · 南极航空路线、测绘、气象与制图前驱Predecessor pool
- 0.12Sponsors, ships, bases, the American Museum of Natural History, and polar institutionsOriginal Chinese · 赞助者、船只、基地、美国自然历史博物馆与极地机构Institution
- 0.24Unverified pool for attribution of the 1939 flight, observations, and claimsOriginal Chinese · 1939年飞行、观察与主张归属待核池Unallocated
Source links
- American Museum of Natural History archives: Lincoln Ellsworth biographical record ↗Original Chinese label · 美国自然历史博物馆档案：Lincoln Ellsworth人物记录
BOUNDARIES NOT COUNTED
Not included in this score
These subjects are recorded as exclusions and are not silently treated as zero or as part of the included outcomes.
Item-by-item attribution from flight logs, maps, and expedition contracts
飞行日志、地图与远征合同的逐项归属
Reason Logs, survey maps, contracts, and correspondence need page-by-page checking before the specific responsibilities of Ellsworth, Hollick-Kenyon, Amundsen, Nobile, crew members, and funders can be established.
Original Chinese reason
需逐页核查日志、测绘图、合同和通信，才能明确埃尔斯沃思、霍利克-肯扬、阿蒙森、诺比莱、船员和资助方的具体责任。
Writing, donations, museum, and administrative service
写作、捐赠、博物馆与行政服务
Reason There are leads concerning archival collections and trusteeship at the American Museum of Natural History, but they have not yet been closed into a specific independent delivery.
Original Chinese reason
存在档案收藏与美国自然历史博物馆受托人线索，但尚未闭合为独立的具体交付。
Polar science, subsequent aviation, and national sovereignty
极地科学、后继航空与国家主权
Reason The scientific interpretation of observations, subsequent surveying, aviation technology, and political sovereignty all depend on independent research, institutions, and national action, and cannot be inferred directly from expedition participation.
Original Chinese reason
观察的科学解释、后继测绘、航空技术和政治主权均依赖独立研究、制度和国家行动，不能从远征参与直接推出。
Environmental, specimen-collection, and territorial-claim consequences
环境、标本采集与领土主张后果
Reason These effects require independent historical and environmental-historical materials; an exploration narrative is insufficient to determine their scope or consequences.
Original Chinese reason
这些影响需要独立历史和环境史料；探索叙事不足以判定其范围或后果。
How to read this score
Scores can change when evidence is reviewed. The method page explains how magnitude, attribution, and included results relate to the displayed score.
Read the method in English →